Abstract. Let X and Y be separable Banach spaces and denote by SS(X, Y ) the subset of L(X, Y ) consisting of all strictly singular operators. We study various ordinal ranks on the set SS(X, Y ). Our main results are summarized as follows. Firstly, we define a new rank r S on SS(X, Y ). We show that r S is a co-analytic rank and that dominates the rank ̺ introduced by Androulakis, Dodos, Sirotkin and Troitsky [Israel J. Math., 169 (2009), 221-250]. Secondly, for every 1 ≤ p < +∞ we construct a Banach space Yp with an unconditional basis such that SS(ℓp, Yp) is a co-analytic non-Borel subset of L(ℓp, Yp) yet every strictly singular operator T : ℓp → Yp satisfies ̺(T ) ≤ 2. This answers a question of Argyros.