On the Origin of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19

Pastorek, Michal; M, Dúbrava; Celec, Peter

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.821007

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Upregulated genes of low ubiquitination were associated with negative cytokine‐mediated signalling regulation and positive neutrophil mediation regulation. Elevated neutrophils were concentrated in severe COVID‐19 patients, which could be attributed to the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps 43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated ubiquitination contributes to protective immunity against severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Che

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Clinical & Translational Med

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Background The crosstalk between the ubiquitin‐proteasome and the immune system plays an important role in the health and pathogenesis of viral infection. However, there have been few studies of ubiquitin activation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Methods We investigated the effect of ubiquitination on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and patient prognosis by integrating published coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) multi‐transcriptome data and bioinformatics methods. Results The differential expression of COVID‐19 samples revealed changed ubiquitination in most solid and hollow organs, and it was activated in lymphatic and other immune tissues. In addition, in the respiratory system of COVID‐19 patients, the immune response was mainly focused on the alveoli, and the expression of ubiquitination reflected increasing immune infiltration. Ubiquitination stratification could significantly differentiate patients' prognosis and inflammation levels through the general transcriptional analysis of the peripheral blood of patients with COVID‐19. Moreover, high ubiquitination levels were associated with a favourable prognosis, low inflammatory response, and reduced mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit. Moreover, high ubiquitination promoted a beneficial immune response while inhibiting immune damage. Finally, prognostic stratification and biomarker screening based on ubiquitination traits played an important role in clinical management and drug development. Conclusion Ubiquitination characteristics provides new ideas for clinical intervention and prognostic guidance for COVID‐19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated ubiquitination contributes to protective immunity against severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Che

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Clinical & Translational Med

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“…These circumstances can lead to lung epithelial destruction and death [ 392 ]. Thus, it has been suggested that the MPO-DNA complex should be further investigated as a biomarker for the early phase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection [ 393 , 394 ]. NETs could also potentially serve as biomarkers in other diseases, such as cancer.…”

Section: Potential Pathological Effects and Biological Functions Of C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives on the Importance of Cell-Free DNA Biology

et al. 2022

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Body fluids are constantly replenished with a population of genetically diverse cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments, representing a vast reservoir of information reflecting real-time changes in the host and metagenome. As many body fluids can be collected non-invasively in a one-off and serial fashion, this reservoir can be tapped to develop assays for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of wide-ranging pathologies, such as solid tumors, fetal genetic abnormalities, rejected organ transplants, infections, and potentially many others. The translation of cfDNA research into useful clinical tests is gaining momentum, with recent progress being driven by rapidly evolving preanalytical and analytical procedures, integrated bioinformatics, and machine learning algorithms. Yet, despite these spectacular advances, cfDNA remains a very challenging analyte due to its immense heterogeneity and fluctuation in vivo. It is increasingly recognized that high-fidelity reconstruction of the information stored in cfDNA, and in turn the development of tests that are fit for clinical roll-out, requires a much deeper understanding of both the physico-chemical features of cfDNA and the biological, physiological, lifestyle, and environmental factors that modulate it. This is a daunting task, but with significant upsides. In this review we showed how expanded knowledge on cfDNA biology and faithful reverse-engineering of cfDNA samples promises to (i) augment the sensitivity and specificity of existing cfDNA assays; (ii) expand the repertoire of disease-specific cfDNA markers, thereby leading to the development of increasingly powerful assays; (iii) reshape personal molecular medicine; and (iv) have an unprecedented impact on genetics research.

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“…Cl-amidine was shown to inhibit NET release in both SARS-CoV-2- infected healthy neutrophils and blood neutrophils of COVID-19 patients ( 66 ). Sivelestat can improve lung function and oxygen saturation in patients with ARDS ( 209 ). A new generation of NE inhibitors (Lonodelestat, Alvelestat, CHF6333 and Elafin) is currently in clinical trials.…”

Section: Treatment Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological mechanisms of thrombosis in acute and long COVID-19

Jing

Xiang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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COVID-19 patients have a high incidence of thrombosis, and thromboembolic complications are associated with severe COVID-19 and high mortality. COVID-19 disease is associated with a hyper-inflammatory response (cytokine storm) mediated by the immune system. However, the role of the inflammatory response in thrombosis remains incompletely understood. In this review, we investigate the crosstalk between inflammation and thrombosis in the context of COVID-19, focusing on the contributions of inflammation to the pathogenesis of thrombosis, and propose combined use of anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant therapeutics. Under inflammatory conditions, the interactions between neutrophils and platelets, platelet activation, monocyte tissue factor expression, microparticle release, and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization as well as complement activation are collectively involved in immune-thrombosis. Inflammation results in the activation and apoptosis of blood cells, leading to microparticle release and PS externalization on blood cells and microparticles, which significantly enhances the catalytic efficiency of the tenase and prothrombinase complexes, and promotes thrombin-mediated fibrin generation and local blood clot formation. Given the risk of thrombosis in the COVID-19, the importance of antithrombotic therapies has been generally recognized, but certain deficiencies and treatment gaps in remain. Antiplatelet drugs are not in combination with anticoagulant treatments, thus fail to dampen platelet procoagulant activity. Current treatments also do not propose an optimal time for anticoagulation. The efficacy of anticoagulant treatments depends on the time of therapy initiation. The best time for antithrombotic therapy is as early as possible after diagnosis, ideally in the early stage of the disease. We also elaborate on the possible mechanisms of long COVID thromboembolic complications, including persistent inflammation, endothelial injury and dysfunction, and coagulation abnormalities. The above-mentioned contents provide therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 patients and further improve patient outcomes.

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On the Origin of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19

Cited by 27 publications

References 146 publications

Elevated ubiquitination contributes to protective immunity against severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Elevated ubiquitination contributes to protective immunity against severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

New Perspectives on the Importance of Cell-Free DNA Biology

Pathophysiological mechanisms of thrombosis in acute and long COVID-19

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