On the origin of periodic surface structure of laser-annealed semiconductors

Abstract

Observations on laser-irradiated GaAs are reported in which the phenomenon of induced surface periodicity is related to a nonlinear interaction between simultaneously oscillating axial modes of the laser. It is suggested that during surface melting and regrowth material is distributed along nodal lines of a standing acoustic wave pattern corresponding to the axial mode beat frequencies. The several patterns observed are not consistent with an interference effect at optical frequencies.

Sub-wavelength ripple formation on various materials induced by tightly focused femtosecond laser radiation

“…In most cases the ripples orientation is found to be perpendicular to the incident polarisation. Because of the wide range of LIPSS, many other explanations have been considered [2,6,7,8,9].…”

Sub-Micrometer Periodic Surface Structure Produced on Pet Fibres With a Low-Fluence Ultraviolet Excimer Laser

“…Schollmeyer Eckhard [18,19,20,21] is one of the famous researchers studying the surface morphology of textile fibres modified by high-fluence lasers. He has also studied the changes in the chemical and physical properties of the fabric after laser treatment.…”

<title>Laser application for optical glass polishing</title>

“…Rippling effects with periodicity of the order of the laser wavelength have been widely reported during laser irradiation of metals, semiconductors and dielectric surfaces. [17][18][19] They are generated because of the interference of the incident and scattered optical waves, the latter arising from defects at the surface. Larger-scale undulations have also been observed upon laser melting and alloying of metals and semiconductors.…”