On the origin of the cyanogenic polymorphism in <i>Trifolium repens</i> L.

Kakes, P.; Hakvoort, Henk W. J.

doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1994.7020201.x

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, this hypothesis is contrary to the results reported by Kakes and Hakvoort (1994) and Kakes and Chardonnens (2000) that T. occidentale did not donate the Li allele to T. repens. Furthermore, the work of Williams (1987) showed that chromosomes in the pollen mother cells of T. repens pair in bivalents at prophase-I of meiosis, which is indicative of an allopolyploid origin.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…More recently Kakes and Chardonnens (2000) found that the distribution of cyanotypes in T. repens and T. occidentale are dissimilar, regulated by different mechanisms. These findings lend support to the view of Kakes and Hakvoort (1994) that T. occidentale did not donate active Li alleles to T. repens. Recent studies (Ansari et al 1999) on the molecular organization of 5S and 18S-26S rDNA loci in T. repens and related species support the allotetraploid origin of T. repens, and T. nigrescens subsp.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Kazimierski and Kazimierska (1973) also reported successful crosses between Trifolium isthmocarpum and T. repens, and proposed that it and T. nigrescens may have contributed the two genomes of T. repens. Kakes and Hakvoort (1994) accepted the view that T. repens resulted from hybridization between T. occidentale and T. nigrescens, and utilized the pattern of cyanogenic polymorphism, in addition to morphology and meiosis, to study its origin. They found a general resemblance of the enzyme Linamarase (Li) in T. repens and T. nigrescens, and concluded that T. nigrescens (or an ancestral form of it) donated the Li gene to T. repens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancestors of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), as revealed by isozyme polymorphisms

et al. 2002

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Isozymes were used to study the putative ancestors of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.). Ten enzymes were examined, and 18 loci were resolved via starch-gel electrophoresis for accessions representing T. repens, Trifolium isthmocarpum, Trifolium nigrescens, Trifolium occidentale and Trifolium uniflorum, in addition to two more distantly related species, Trifolium alpinum and Trifolium purseglovei. Nei's genetic identities indicate that T. uniflorum and T. nigrescens are the closest relatives of T. repens. The isozyme data thus support a hypothesis that the two genomes of the tetraploid T. repens could have been derived from hybridization between T. nigrescens and T. uniflorum. This conclusion is further supported by shared alleles between T. repens, T. nigrescens and T. uniflorum. However, the origin of T. repens is somewhat obscured by the presence of shared alleles between T. repens and both T. occidentale and T. isthmocarpum, suggesting that introgression of genes from the latter two species into T. repens may also have taken place. High values of genetic identity are shared between T. occidentale with T. nigrescens and T. uniflorum, also indicative of introgression. Alternatively the presence of shared alleles among the five species may reflect their recent common ancestry.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancestors of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), as revealed by isozyme polymorphisms

et al. 2002

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“…The results of the present study on the Zdh enzyme strongly support the theory of disomic inheritance ( BREWBAKER and KEIM 1953;GIBSON and BEINHART 1969;MICHAELSON-YEATES 1986;KAKES and HAKVOORT 1994). The isoloci studied furthermore behave in a Mendelian fashion, ascertaining that the two alleles observed here are allozymes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…T. occidentale has been suggested as the other diploid species (BREWBAKER and KEIM 1953;HOVIN 1962). This origin of T. repens is also supported by a recent study of the cyanogenic polymorphism in the species ( KAKES and HAKVOORT 1994). Some authors, however, suggest that T .…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Inheritance of the Isozyme Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) in a Natural Population of Polyploid White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.)

Weidema

2004

Hereditas

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An electrophoretic study of segregation of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) was undertaken in polyploid white clover (Trifolium repem L.). The study aimed to test the conflicting theories on enzyme inheritance patterns in this species. A number of controlled selfings and reciprocal crosses were performed as well as a study of distribution of alleles in a natural Danish population of white clover. The result of the selfing experiment was that the chosen material is strongly self-incompatible, The offspring from the crosses showed that two isoloci were present and that the alleles in these segregate in a Mendelian fashion. Five different IDH-phenotypes, composed of two alleles, where found in the natural population. This contrasts with previous findings, for this and other allotetraploid species, of one variant and one invariant isolocus. Maximum likelihood analysis of the distribution of these phenotypes showed that the two alleles were equally common on an overall population basis. Each of these alleles were, however, most frequent in one of the isoloci. The findings reported here strongly support the theory that white clover is an allotetraploid, showing disomic inheritance.

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A laboratory evaluation of the palatability of legumes to the field slug,Deroceras reticulatumMüller

Brooks

Crook

Wilcox

et al. 2003

Pest Management Science

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Slugs are major pests of many crops, including winter wheat, in temperate climates, yet current methods of control are often unreliable. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential for common legume species to act as an alternative source of food, or trap crop, for the most damaging agricultural pest species, the grey field slug, Deroceras reticulatum Müller, thereby reducing damage to the wheat crop. A series of three controlled-environment experiments were designed to assess this aim. Individual slugs were fed leaves of one of ten legume species together with winter wheat leaves for a 72-h period. A clear hierarchy of acceptability was shown, with red clover, lucerne, lupin and white clover showing significantly higher Acceptability Indices than the other six species tested. Red clover produced the greatest reduction in mean wheat consumption (78%) from day 1 to day 3. When species were fed individually, red clover was consumed in significantly greater quantities than any of the other treatments: 40% more than white clover and 56% more than wheat. Furthermore, when fed with red clover the amount of wheat consumed was some 50% less than when the latter was fed alone. The results indicate that legumes vary greatly in their acceptability to D. reticulatum and it is essential that a legume with a high Acceptability Index is chosen, which results in the least amount of wheat consumed.

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On the origin of the cyanogenic polymorphism in Trifolium repens L.

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Ancestors of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), as revealed by isozyme polymorphisms

Ancestors of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), as revealed by isozyme polymorphisms

Inheritance of the Isozyme Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) in a Natural Population of Polyploid White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.)

A laboratory evaluation of the palatability of legumes to the field slug,Deroceras reticulatumMüller

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