On the origins of cold-induced vasodilation

Flouris, Andreas D.; Cheung, Stephen S.

doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1324-y

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because common techniques are limited by the lack of independence amongst sequential data points within a time series. This limitation does not influence ARIMA that can mathematically describe the association between two variables across time and has been successfully employed to identify associations between time series variables in thermal physiology [8,10]. ARIMA combines three statistical processes, autoregression, integration/differencing, and moving averages, to mathematically describe the association in a disturbance in one time series (in this case, P‐BF f [independent variable]) and the possible associated perturbations in a second time series (BF f [dependent variable]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interpretation of the results may be inaccurate particularly when a strong thermal stimulus is introduced that induces an immediate change in BF f , which is associated with a delayed T f response. For example, cold‐induced vasodilation is commonly reported as a cyclical increase in BF f during exposure to cold, and has been assessed often by our lab [8] and others [3,13,16] through T f data. Given the delayed T f response, measurements of T f that define the occurrence of cold‐induced vasodilation should be complemented by estimated measurements of BF f when direct measurements are unavailable or inappropriate, such as during field testing or athletic competition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Model to Predict Cutaneous Finger Blood Flow via Finger and Rectal Temperatures

2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Model to Predict Cutaneous Finger Blood Flow via Finger and Rectal Temperatures

2011

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“…During sustained cold exposure, the initial general vasoconstrictive drive is commonly followed by "paradoxical" increases in the digits' circulation (Lewis 1930;Folkow et al 1963), which may describe several patterns , the most common one being an oscillatory digit skin temperature. This cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) response, whose origin is not fully understood (Daanen and Layden 2010;Flouris and Cheung 2010), has been suggested to constitute a cryoprotective mechanism, with large responses predicting low susceptibility to cold injury (Yoshimura and Iida 1950;Daanen and van der Struijs 2005) and small or no responses predicting high susceptibility to cold injury (Mathew et al 1974; Van der Struijs et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prolonged physical inactivity leads to a drop in toe skin temperature during local cold stress

Keramidas

Kölegård

Eiken

et al. 2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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The purpose was to examine the effects of a prolonged period of recumbency on the toe temperature responses during cold-water foot immersion. Ten healthy males underwent 35 days of horizontal bed rest. The right foot of the subjects was assigned as the experimental (EXP) foot. To prevent bed rest-induced vascular deconditioning in the left control foot (CON), a sub-atmospheric vascular pressure countermeasure regimen was applied on the left lower leg for 4 × 10 min every second day. On the first (BR-1) and the last (BR-35) day of the bed rest, subjects performed two 30 min foot immersion tests in 8 °C water, one with the EXP foot and the other with the CON foot. The tests were conducted in counter-balanced order and separated by at least a 15 min interval. At BR-35, the average skin temperature of the EXP foot was lower than at BR-1 (-0.8 °C; P = 0.05), a drop that was especially pronounced in the big toe (-1.6 °C; P = 0.05). In the CON foot, the average skin temperature decreased by 0.6 °C in BR-35, albeit the reduction was not statistically significant (P = 0.16). Moreover, the pressure countermeasure regimen ameliorated immersion-induced thermal discomfort for the CON foot (P = 0.05). Present findings suggest that severe physical inactivity exaggerates the drop in toe skin temperature during local cold stress, and thus might constitute a potential risk factor for local cold injury.

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Cutaneous neural activity and endothelial involvement in cold-induced vasodilatation

2018

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Whether sympathetic withdrawal or endothelial dilators such as nitric oxide (NO) contributes to cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) events is unclear. We measured blood flow and finger skin temperature (T) of the index finger in nine participants during hand immersion in a water bath at 35 °C for 30 min, then at 8 °C for 30 min. Data were binned into 10 s averages for the entire 60 min protocol for laser-Doppler flux (LDF) and T. At baseline, T was 35.3 ± 0.2 °C and LDF was 227 ± 28 PU. During hand cooling, minimum T was 10.9 ± 0.4 °C and LDF was 15 ± 4 PU. All participants exhibited at least one CIVD event (T increase ≥ 1 °C), with a mean peak T 13.2 ± 0.8 °C and a corresponding peak LDF of 116 ± 34 PU. A Morlet mother wavelet was then used to perform wavelet analysis on the LDF signal, with frequency ranges of 0.005-0.01 Hz (endothelial NO-independent), 0.01-0.02 Hz (endothelial NO-dependent), and 0.02-0.05 Hz (neurogenic). The synchronicity of wavelet fluctuations with rising LDF coincident with CIVD events was then quantified using Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average time-series analysis. Fluctuations in neural activity were strongly synchronized in real time with increasing LDF (stationary-r = 0.73 and Ljung-box statistic > 0.05), while endothelial activities were only moderately synchronized (NO-independent r = 0.15, > 0.05; NO dependent r = 0.16, > 0.05). We conclude that there is a direct, real-time correlation of LDF responses with neural activity but not endothelial-mediated mechanisms. Importantly, it seems that neural activity is consistently reduced prior to CIVD, suggesting that sympathetic withdrawal directly contributes to CIVD onset.

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On the origins of cold-induced vasodilation

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

A Novel Model to Predict Cutaneous Finger Blood Flow via Finger and Rectal Temperatures

A Novel Model to Predict Cutaneous Finger Blood Flow via Finger and Rectal Temperatures

Prolonged physical inactivity leads to a drop in toe skin temperature during local cold stress

Cutaneous neural activity and endothelial involvement in cold-induced vasodilatation

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