2016
DOI: 10.1007/s12526-016-0534-x
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On the paraphyly of Cytaeididae and placement of Cytaeis within the suborder Filifera (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata)

Abstract: Identification of hydrozoans of the family Cytaeididae L. Agassiz, 1862 is confused due to their morphological similarity, to the shortage of morphological characteristics, and to a lack of molecular data. In this study, sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers were analyzed from hydroids of Cytaeis Eschscholtz, 1829 collected in the southern Red Sea on shells of Nassarius Duméril, 1805 (Gastropoda: Nassariidae), along with sequences of Cytaeis and Perarella Stechow, 1922 from GenBank. Analyses revea… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…Dicoryne is another genus presently classified as a member of Bougainvilliidae due to the presence of exosarc on the hydranth, the gonophore (plesiomorphic), trophosome similar to Bougainvillia and similarity of gonadal development with Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz, 1849) (Ashworth & Ritchie, ). However, both our topology and previous works (Cartwright et al., ; Prudkovsky et al., ) contradict a hypothetical bougainvilliid nature of Dicoryne . In fact, Dicoryne has unique characters, not shared with Bougainvilliidae and Pseudothecata (e.g., gonophores on specialised blastostyles and swimming ciliated sporosacs; Schuchert, ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 55%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Dicoryne is another genus presently classified as a member of Bougainvilliidae due to the presence of exosarc on the hydranth, the gonophore (plesiomorphic), trophosome similar to Bougainvillia and similarity of gonadal development with Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz, 1849) (Ashworth & Ritchie, ). However, both our topology and previous works (Cartwright et al., ; Prudkovsky et al., ) contradict a hypothetical bougainvilliid nature of Dicoryne . In fact, Dicoryne has unique characters, not shared with Bougainvilliidae and Pseudothecata (e.g., gonophores on specialised blastostyles and swimming ciliated sporosacs; Schuchert, ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 55%
“…This is even more important given that the distinctive features in filiferan polyps, such as dimensions and number of tentacles, depend on developmental stage and ecophysiological conditions in which the colony was sampled (Prudkovsky, ; Prudkovsky & Neretina, ). Other characters associated with a general definition of Bougainvilliidae, such as the arrangement of the oral tentacles and the position and development of the gonophores, are also inconsistent with recent molecular analyses that place some species of Cytaeididae as close relatives of species of “Bougainvilliidae” (Prudkovsky, Nikitin, Berumen, Viatcheslav, & Reimer, ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 83%
“…Their hydroids morphologically resemble those of some genera (e.g., Leuckartiara Hartlaub, 1914, Neoturris Hartlaub, 1914, Halitholus Hartlaub, 1914 assigned to Pandeidae Haeckel, 1879. Moreover, a recent phylogram in Prudkovsky et al (2016) indicates that R. roseum has a much closer affinity with Pandeidae Haeckel, 1879 than with Bougainvilliidae. Included in a clade with R. roseum were Leuckartiara octona (Fleming, 1823), L. nobilis Hartlaub, 1914, Neoturris breviconis (Murbach & Shearer, 1902), Hydrichthys boycei Warren, 1916, Catablema vesicarium (A. Agassiz, 1862, and Garveia nutans Wright, 1859.…”
Section: Reports Of Hydroids From the East Coast Of North America Datmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Certain other species now assigned to both Rhizorhagium and Garveia are probably also misclassified. For example, Rhizorhagium arenosum (Alder, 1862) has been shown to have affinities with Bougainvilliidae rather than with R. roseum, the genus Rhizorhagium, and the family Pandeidae (Prudkovsky 2016). Similarly, Garveia franciscana resembles bougainvilliids more closely than Garveia and its type species G. nutans.…”
Section: Reports Of Hydroids From the East Coast Of North America Datmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They can be accurately identified only after examination of the shape of the medusae buds. B. super- were chosen as outgroups (Prudkovsky et al, 2017). Numbers above branches indicate bootstrap values (1000 replicates) (Felsenstein, 1985).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%