On the permeability to weak acids and bases of the cytoplasmic membrane of Clostridiumpasteurianum

Kell, Douglas B.; Peck, Michael W.; Rodger, G.; Morris, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(81)91715-0

Cited by 116 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Colonies showing zones of clearance against a blue background were regarded as dextranase-producing and restreaked until pure cultures were obtained. Growth experiments with the isolated organism FH1 were done in the medium described by Kell et al (1981) containing 5 g/L of Dextran T2000 or 5 g/L of glucose under an atmosphere of 80% N 2 -20% CO 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a new Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum strain (FH1) producing a thermostable dextranase.

Hirth

Daniel

Gottschalk

2001

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a new Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum strain (FH1) producing a thermostable dextranase.

Hirth

Daniel

Gottschalk

2001

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…In addition, the uptake of acetate by cells does not require, most of the time, any carrier system as it diffuses through the cytoplasmic membrane (Kell et al, 1981). This certainly explains the high capacity of biodegradation generally noticed whatever the microbial group considered.…”

Section: Pathways Of Biodegradation Of Carboxylic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

A fate for organic acids, formaldehyde and methanol in cloud water: their biotransformation by micro-organisms

et al. 2007

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Abstract.The interactions between microbial and chemical contents of cloud water were investigated. First, we observe that the bulk cloud water solution provides a substantial environment where bacteria can develop significantly. Then, a total number of 60 microbial strains originating from seven distinct samples of cloud water and affiliated to various taxonomic groups were examined for their ability to degrade some of the main atmospheric carboxylic compounds: formate, acetate, lactate, succinate, as well as formaldehyde and methanol. Biodegradation tests show that all these compounds can be transformed when used as single carbonaceous substrates, with activities depending on both the strain and the compound. The highest capacities of biodegradation are observed towards formaldehyde, formate and acetate, which are also the more concentrated compounds typically measured in cloud water. Hence, analyses by 1 H NMR permitted to establish for instance that compounds like pyruvate or fumarate can be produced and released in the media in relation to the transformation of lactate or succinate. In addition, utilization of 13 C labelled formaldehyde showed that it can be transformed through many metabolic pathways, similar to those induced by photochemistry and leading to the production of formate and/or methanol. These results suggest that microorganisms of cloud water can have various behaviours towards the chemical compounds present in the atmosphere: they can represent either a sink or source for organic carbon, and may have to be considered as actors of cloud chemistry.Correspondence to: A.-M. Delort

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“…Also, for propionate, passive diffusion into the cell has been proposed (24) and so far, no transport system is known in bacteria. Propionate has been suggested to be activated in C. glutamicum also by acetate kinase and phosphotransacetylase, and subsequently propionyl coenzyme A (CoA) is converted to pyruvate via the 2-methylcitrate cycle (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of a Bacterial Transport System for the Uptake of Pyruvate, Propionate, and Acetate in Corynebacterium glutamicum

et al. 2009

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The metabolism of monocarboxylic acids is of central importance for bacteria in their natural habitat as well as during biotechnological production. Although biosynthesis and degradation are well understood, the transport of such compounds is still a matter of discussion. Here we present the identification and characterization of a new transport system in Corynebacterium glutamicum with high affinity for acetate and propionate and with lower affinity for pyruvate. Biochemical analysis of this monocarboxylic acid transporter (MctC) revealed for the first time a quantitative discrimination of passive diffusion and active transport of acetate by bacterial cells. MctC is a secondary transporter and belongs to the class of sodium solute symporters, but it is driven by the electrochemical proton potential. The mctC gene is preceded by and cotranscribed with cg0952, a locus encoding a small membrane protein, and the transcription of the cg0952-mctC operon is under the control of the transcriptional regulators RamA and RamB. Both of these proteins directly bind to the promoter region of the operon; RamA is essential for expression and RamB exerts a slightly negative control on expression of the cg0952-mctC operon. mctC expression is induced in the presence of pyruvate and beneficial under substratelimiting conditions for C. glutamicum.Corynebacterium glutamicum is one of the major work horses in industrial biotechnology. More than 1.5 million tons of glutamate as well as 0.75 million tons of lysine per year are produced with the use of this bacterium (25,27). C. glutamicum is a nonmotile, gram-positive bacterium and is able to utilize a number of carbon sources, including sugars such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose, organic acids such as gluconate, acetate, propionate, pyruvate, and L-lactate, ethanol, and also amino acids such as glutamate and serine (9,10,30,31). The utilization of tri-and dicarboxylates by C. glutamicum depends on the expression and/or activity of the relevant transport systems, as shown recently (37, 45). Monocarboxylic acids like acetate and propionate are abundant carbon sources in soil and also unwanted by-products in fermentation processes (44). The utilization of acetate by C. glutamicum involves the activation of acetate by the combined activities of acetate kinase and phosphotransacetylase and the subsequent flux into the tricarboxylic acid and glyoxylate cycles (17). However, the uptake of acetate by C. glutamicum cells is not yet understood. It has been proposed that a specific secondary uptake system is involved and that passive diffusion does not significantly contribute at pH 8 or with low substrate concentrations (14). On the other hand, a discrepancy between the relatively low uptake rates observed by Ebbinghausen et al. (14) and the much higher consumption rates of acetate during growth experiments, as well as the long lag phase after addition of higher (Ͼ2%) concentrations of acetate, point to diffusion being relevant for the utilization of this particular substrate (17, 43). Also...

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On the permeability to weak acids and bases of the cytoplasmic membrane of Clostridiumpasteurianum

Cited by 116 publications

References 19 publications

Isolation of a new Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum strain (FH1) producing a thermostable dextranase.

Isolation of a new Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum strain (FH1) producing a thermostable dextranase.

A fate for organic acids, formaldehyde and methanol in cloud water: their biotransformation by micro-organisms

Identification and Characterization of a Bacterial Transport System for the Uptake of Pyruvate, Propionate, and Acetate in Corynebacterium glutamicum

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