On the possibility to improve petrol engine operation by laser ignition

Birtas, Adrian; Boicea, Niculae; Croitoru, Gabriela; Dinca, Mihai; Pavel, N.; Draghici, Florin; Chiriac, Radu

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.269

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…13 On the other hand, LI is very promising when the engine is run with lean, λ > 1 air-fuel mixtures. 24 To satisfy such different working conditions, the LSP must be able to deliver trains of laser pulses, as well as pulses of variable energy. To achieve this goal, in our design, the pump unit, the Nd∶YAG∕Cr 4þ ∶YAG stage, and the focusing line were made as independent, fixed units, whereas the distance between the optical fiber and the pump lens (of 6-mm-focal length) was varied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly process and optical performances for a golden laser spark-plug device

et al. 2019

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The low-stress Solderjet Bumping technique was employed to assemble the optical components of an increased-robustness laser spark-plug ignition device using the low melting alloys 96.5Sn3Ag0.5Cu and 80Au20Sn. A finite-element-method analysis, optical simulations, and a soldering parametrization test were performed to prove that different optical materials (sapphire, ECO-550, D-ZLaF52LA, TAC4, and N-SF11 glasses) could be fastened to the stainless steel body. The assembled spark-plug device featured a passively Q-switched Nd∶YAG∕Cr 4þ ∶YAG composite ceramic medium and delivered laser pulses with energy variable between 2.40 and 4.70 mJ, with 0.8 ns duration, suitable for inducing air breakdown phenomenon and engine combustion. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly process and optical performances for a golden laser spark-plug device

et al. 2019

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“…Laser ignition was reported to increase ignition probability in leaner mixtures due to free radical formation. Experiments with a four cylinders Renault car engine have shown that laser ignition has minimal effects on improving engine power in stoichiometric mixtures, while it can improve the power performance by 27% and initial combustion time by ∼2.7% in a lean mixture [39]. It was also reported that the ignition time for a laser pulse is less than that of a spark pulse [40], whereas the flame velocity is higher [41] that is suitable in engine scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of nonequilibrium plasma-enhanced ignition in the event of dual-pulse laser energy deposition

Mahamud¹

2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A two-dimensional and three-temperature mathematical model for dual-pulse laser ignition was applied to study the mechanism of the nonequilibrium plasma process during dual-pulse laser energy deposition. The two-dimensional model could predict the influence of the reaction kinetics and nonequilibrium effects on the ignition delay time and kernel dynamics. As the plasma reaction rates were extremely fast compared with the combustion reaction rates, it can be predicted that the variability of the plasma lifetime will directly influence the ignition delay time and reaction kinetics. The results suggested that the energy relaxation rate from the electronic state was rapid compared to that from the vibrational state due to the short lifetime of the plasma state. However, the relatively slower energy relaxation from the vibrational state provided long-term thermalization of the ignition kernel. For the same level of energy deposition, the nonequilibrium plasma system predicted a higher rate of vorticity generation, signifying a higher level of mixing and baroclinicity production. The results also suggested that ignition in a premixed fuel airflow required a higher degree of energy deposition, due to a higher rate of radical and thermal losses.

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“…Fig. 9.10 a Laser ignition system with four laser spark plugs showing plasma formation in the air, b experimental setup installed with the laser ignition system(Birtas et al 2019) …”

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Fundamentals, Evolution, and Modeling of Ignition Systems for Spark Ignition Engines

Kumar

Ágarwal

2021

Energy, Environment, and Sustainability

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The advancement of technologies has led researchers to explore new ways to comply with stringent emission norms globally and fulfil the energy requirements. The trends in engine development favour computational studies for initial investigations due to lesser time demand and economy. In a spark ignition (SI) engine, ignition of the fuel-air mixture is achieved by the spark discharge across the spark plug electrodes. The discharge is of very high intensity for a very short interval, providing sufficient energy in the form of plasma kernel to initiate chemical reactions necessary to generate a self-sustaining flame. Direct injection SI combustion system is considered an upcoming next-generation technology capable of meeting stringent emission norms with improved engine performance. Conventional spark plug system undergoes various issues such as erosion of spark plug, heat losses at the electrodes, hindrance in working at high in-cylinder pressures, and fixed spark location. Therefore, the researchers explore alternate ignition concepts/ systems that provide greater flexibility than conventional ignition systems. These alternate ignition concepts/ systems include laser ignition, turbulent jet ignition, corona ignition, and microwave ignition. These all are also referred to as advanced ignition systems. Advanced ignition has emerged as an alternative way to ignite leaner fuel-air mixture owing to higher engine performance and lower emissions. These systems offer significant advantages; however, they are still under research, and many challenges need to be overcome before they are commercialized. In this chapter, the evolution of the spark ignition systems has been discussed. Modelling aspects of spark ignition engines using 1D and 3D simulation tools have been summarised. The working of these advanced ignition systems has been discussed in detail, and their challenges are also summarised.

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On the possibility to improve petrol engine operation by laser ignition

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Assembly process and optical performances for a golden laser spark-plug device

Assembly process and optical performances for a golden laser spark-plug device

Mechanism of nonequilibrium plasma-enhanced ignition in the event of dual-pulse laser energy deposition

Fundamentals, Evolution, and Modeling of Ignition Systems for Spark Ignition Engines

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