On the potentials of passive, multistatic, low frequency radars to counter stealth and detect low flying targets

Kuschel, Heiner; Heckenbach, Jörg; Muller, S.; Appel, R

doi:10.1109/radar.2008.4720984

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We investigate passive radar starting from the DAB scenario considered in [7], [9]. The transmitted multi-carrier signal uses orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM), which is especially amenable to the FFT based approach outlined above.…”

Section: Our Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressed sensing for OFDM/MIMO radar

Berger

Zhou

Willett

et al. 2008

2008 42nd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers

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In passive radar, two main challenges are: mitigating the direct blast, since the illuminators broadcast continuously, and achieving a large enough integration gain to detect targets. While the first has to be solved in part in the analog part of the processing chain, due to the huge difference of signal strength between the direct blast and weak target reflections, the second is about combining enough signal efficiently, while not sacrificing too much performance. When combining this setup with digital multicarrier waveforms like orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) in digital audio/video broadcast (DAB/DVB), this problem can be seen to be a version of multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) radar. We start with an existing approach, based on efficient fast Fourier transform (FFT) operation to detect target signatures, and show how this approach is related to a standard matched filter approach based on a piece-wise constant approximation of the phase rotation caused by Doppler shift. We then suggest two more applicable algorithms, one based on subspace processing and one based on sparse estimation. We compare these various approaches based on a detailed simulation scenario with two closing targets and experimental data recorded from a DAB network in Germany.

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Section: Our Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressed sensing for OFDM/MIMO radar

Berger

Zhou

Willett

et al. 2008

2008 42nd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers

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“…An FM circular array was considered in [2,3] to obtain one reference and several surveillance beams. In [4,5], a circular antenna array with elements for the VHF-range (150-350 MHz) and the UHF-range (400-700 MHz) is used to exploit alternatively Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) or Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signals. Two-stage beamforming methods for low complexity Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detection and estimation of the angle of arrival in DVB-T-based PRS have been proposed and tested in [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Radar Array Processing with Non-Uniform Linear Arrays for Ground Target’s Detection and Localization

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The problem of ground target detection with passive radars is considered. The design of an antenna array based on commercial elements is presented, based on a non-uniform linear array optimized according to sidelobe level requirements. Array processing techniques are applied in the cross-ambiguity function domain to exploit integration gain, system resolution and the sparsity of targets in this domain. A modified two-stage detection scheme is described, which is based on a previously-published one by other authors. All of these contributions are validated in a real semiurban scenario, proving the capabilities of detection, the direction of arrival estimation and the tracking of ground targets in the presence of big buildings that generate strong clutter returns. Detection performance is validated through the probability of false alarm and the probability of detection estimation with specified estimation errors.

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“…As the receiver and transmitter in the multistatic passive radar system are completely separated, the receiver therein just needs to process the received signals while it has to service the transmitter in a feedback manner and consumes much more power in some other radar systems; therefore, the multistatic passive radar system is more economic. Due to the non-cooperative illuminator transmits low RF signals, the chance to detect stealth and low altitude targets increases [1]; however, this causes problem in that measurement of the azimuth angle is often of very poor quality or not even available at some extreme situations. Therefore, in this multistatic passive radar system, the range and range rate are measured while the angle information is assumed to be unavailable, due to the low RF frequencies of the illuminating signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multitarget tracking in cluttered environment for a multistatic passive radar system under the DAB/DVB network

Shi

Park

Song

2017

EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process.

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The target tracking using multistatic passive radar in a digital audio/video broadcast (DAB/DVB) network with illuminators of opportunity faces two main challenges: the first challenge is that one has to solve the measurement-to-illuminator association ambiguity in addition to the conventional association ambiguity between the measurements and targets, which introduces a significantly complex three-dimensional (3-D) data association problem among the target-measurement illuminator, this is because all the illuminators transmit the same carrier frequency signals and signals transmitted by different illuminators but reflected via the same target become indistinguishable; the other challenge is that only the bistatic range and range-rate measurements are available while the angle information is unavailable or of very poor quality. In this paper, the authors propose a new target tracking algorithm directly in three-dimensional (3-D) Cartesian coordinates with the capability of track management using the probability of target existence as a track quality measure. The proposed algorithm is termed sequential processing-joint integrated probabilistic data association (SP-JIPDA), which applies the modified sequential processing technique to resolve the additional association ambiguity between measurements and illuminators. The SP-JIPDA algorithm sequentially operates the JIPDA tracker to update each track for each illuminator with all the measurements in the common measurement set at each time. For reasons of fair comparison, the existing modified joint probabilistic data association (MJPDA) algorithm that addresses the 3-D data association problem via "supertargets" using gate grouping and provides tracks directly in 3-D Cartesian coordinates, is enhanced by incorporating the probability of target existence as an effective track quality measure for track management. Both algorithms deal with nonlinear observations using the extended Kalman filtering. A simulation study is performed to verify the superiority of the proposed SP-JIPDA algorithm over the MJIPDA in this multistatic passive radar system.

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On the potentials of passive, multistatic, low frequency radars to counter stealth and detect low flying targets

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Compressed sensing for OFDM/MIMO radar

Compressed sensing for OFDM/MIMO radar

Passive Radar Array Processing with Non-Uniform Linear Arrays for Ground Target’s Detection and Localization

Multitarget tracking in cluttered environment for a multistatic passive radar system under the DAB/DVB network

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