On the Problem of the Volga-Don Channel Construction in the Scientific Thought of Russia of the 18th – the Middle of the 20th Century

Abstract

Introduction. The natural productive forces of each region have remained unchanged for thousands of years. The nature of their use is changing. Analysis of the process of construction of the Volga-Don channel in the scientific thought of Russia in the 18 th-mid 20 th centuries allows us to determine: 1) the formation and evolution of projects of infrastructure economic reforms in scientific and public thought, 2) the political conditions and reasons leading to their implementation. Methods and materials. The authors use the principles of historicism and objectivity, analysis, synthesis, historical and genetic method, systematic approach. The construction projects of the Volga-Don channel were discussed in the works of A.G. Brikner, S.V. Bernshtein-Kogan, V.F. Gnucheva, I.I. Golikov, A.N. Minkh, V.V. Bulatov, M.M. Zagorulko. These works deal with different options of project implementation and the possibility of its use on the basis of concession. Analysis. The paper analyzes how in the scientific thought of Russia in the 18 th-20 th centuries different projects of connection of the Volga and the Don by the channel were created. The research shows that attention of the scientific society and the state powers to this scientific and technical question increased in the periods of the great reforms-in the times of Peter I, Catherine the Great and in the time of the Soviet economic reforms of the 1920s-1930s. From the beginning of the 18 th century and till the middle of the 20 th century empirical data on this problem were accumulated. Results. On the one hand, for over two centuries the empirical data on the channel construction had been accumulated, the focus had being shifted from the one-scale consideration of this problem as a transport and military-political one to the complex research of the channel influence on geography, economy, nature of the region. On the other hand, the most important details of economic model had remained unchanged, and finally, the connection of the Volga and the Don was carried out by the decision of the State power, with the use of unfree labor and was funded by the State, i.e. in the same way as it was planned in the times of Peter I. I. O. Tyumentsev has worked out the key conception of the work, carried out the academic editing of the paper. A. L. Kleytman has analyzed scientific projects of the Volga-Don channel construction in the 18 th-early 20 th century. T. B. Ivanova has analyzed economic and technological projects of the Volga-Don channel construction in the Soviet times.

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“…Logistic regression, also known as logistic regression analysis, which is a generalized linear regression analysis model, which is often used in data mining, automatic disease diagnosis, economic forecasting and other fields. Logistic regression is an easy-to-implement and excellent-performance classification model for linearly separable problems, and it is one of the most widely used models [22]. It first constructs a traditional linear regression model:…”

“…Structural formula (21) is the capital stock formula, the current interest rate (rate), the capital stock of the previous period (capita (−1)), and the economic aggregate of the previous period (gdp (−1)) are important factors that affect capital investment. Structural formula (22) is the labor supply formula, which uses the total number of employees at the end of the year (labor) to represent the input of labor factors. Average labor remuneration (wage), previous employment labor (−1), current economic aggregate (gdp), and total import and export (trade) are all important factors that affect labor supply.…”