On the pyrolysis of sewage sludge: the influence of pyrolysis conditions on solid, liquid and gas fractions

Inguanzo, M.; Domı́nguez, A.; Menéndez, J.Á.; Blanco, Clara; Pís, J.J.

doi:10.1016/s0165-2370(01)00155-3

Cited by 356 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The volume of the solid residue is drastically reduced; the heavy metals present in the carbonaceous matrix are relatively resistant to natural lixiviation [9], the thermal treatment gives rise to gases and even bio-oils with a high energetic value so they can be used as potential fuels. The chemical properties of the bio-oil indicate it's potential to be used as a range of specialty and commodity chemicals such as fertilizers and resins [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of bio-oils and solids from flash pyrolysis of sewage sludges

Pokorna

Postelmans

Jenı́ček

et al. 2009

Fuel

181

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a b s t r a c tThe aim of this study was to evaluate the production of pyrolysis oil from three types of sewage sludges. The flash pyrolysis was performed at 500°C, the maximum oil yield was 43.1%, and the water content in bio-oils obtained from secondary sludges was relatively low -10.3% and 17.0%. GC-MS results showed that pyrolytic bio-oils of studied sludges dominantly contained fatty acids and nitrogenous compounds with potential added value.Obtained solids had high ash content and low calorific value which make them unattractive for use in incineration. FT-IR results showed that solids gave similar IR features as notified alumino silicates; utilization of these solids as adsorbents could be a potential valorization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of bio-oils and solids from flash pyrolysis of sewage sludges

Pokorna

Postelmans

Jenı́ček

et al. 2009

Fuel

181

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“…Processing by pyrolysis is advantageous also because of the big volume reduction, thermal destruction of toxic organics and recovery of the energy of organic sources in the sludge (Magdziarz and Werle 2014). Inguanzo et al (2002) claims that, independently of pyrolysis conditions, all the solid products obtained from SS were highly macroporous, with relatively low meso-and micropore volumes. Microporosity analysis stated in Table 2 is in good agreement with those data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisal of changes in sewage sludge management

Vochоzka

Maroušková

Váchal

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A positive energy balance caused by accelerated production of CH 4 and additional financial benefits associated with shorter retention times, reduction in volumes, easier dewatering, enhanced hygiene, etc., are the reasons why most modern wastewater treatment plants are newly equipped with hydrothermal pretreatment units. This study examined how the changes in composition of the pretreated sewage sludge fermentation residues manifested themselves in subsequent processing by pyrolysis, both in terms of technology and financial impacts. It has been found that concentrations of heavy metals and other hazardous inhibitors might increase; however, the overall biotoxicity is lower due to their immobilization in the charred mass. Moreover, charring of the fermentation residues results in significant financial as well as technological benefits.

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“…When dried to between 5% and 10% moisture, this waste typically has a higher heating value of 11,000-17,200 kJ/kg (4730-7380 Btu/lb) (Inguanzo et al, 2002). This translates into 9.5-14.8 million Btu per ton of dried biosolids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 39% of the sewage sludge is disposed of in landfills or through incineration, whereas the remaining quantities are land applied (41%), treated with advanced methods (12%), or disposed of through other means (8%) (GGTC, 2012). The gasification of biosolids is an attractive alternative to these methods, and allows for energy recovery as well as volume reduction of the waste.When dried to between 5% and 10% moisture, this waste typically has a higher heating value of 11,000-17,200 kJ/kg (4730-7380 Btu/lb) (Inguanzo et al, 2002). This translates into 9.5-14.8 million Btu per ton of dried biosolids.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a chemical kinetic model for a biosolids fluidized-bed gasifier and the effects of operating parameters on syngas quality

Champion

Cooper

Mackie

et al. 2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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In an effort to decrease the land disposal of sewage sludge biosolids and to recover energy, gasification has become a viable option for the treatment of waste biosolids. The process of gasification involves the drying and devolatilization and partial oxidation of biosolids, followed closely by the reduction of the organic gases and char in a single vessel. The products of gasification include a gaseous fuel composed largely of N 2 , H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , CH 4 , and tars, as well as ash and unburned solid carbon. A mathematical model was developed using published devolatilization, oxidation, and reduction reactions, and calibrated using data from three different experimental studies of laboratory-scale fluidized-bed sewage sludge gasifiers reported in the literature. The model predicts syngas production rate, composition, and temperature as functions of the biosolids composition and feed rate, the air input rate, and gasifier bottom temperature. Several data sets from the three independent literature sources were reserved for model validation, with a focus placed on five species of interest (CO, CO 2 , H 2 , CH 4 , and C 6 H 6 ). The syngas composition predictions from the model compared well with experimental results from the literature. A sensitivity analysis on the most important operating parameters of a gasifier (bed temperature and equivalence ratio) was performed as well, with the results of the analysis offering insight into the operations of a biosolids gasifier.Implications: As gasification becomes a more prominent waste disposal option, understanding the effects of feedstock composition and gasifier parameters on the production of syngas (rate and quality) becomes increasingly important. A model has been developed for the gasification of dried sewage sludge that will allow for prediction of changes in syngas quality (and energy recovery from the waste), and should be helpful in assessing the benefits of new gasification projects. IntroductionGasification is the thermochemical conversion of organic feedstock into a synthetic gaseous fuel at high temperatures using a limited amount of air. The gaseous fuel produced by a gasifier is referred to as syngas or producer gas. Gasification lies between combustion and pyrolysis, and is a process that utilizes a substoichiometric amount of oxygen for partial oxidation of the feedstock. This in turn provides heat for the largely endothermic reduction reactions that produce the syngas, as well as the initial devolatilization of the biomass within the gasifier.Gasification is an efficient process for reducing the volume of waste, and is a process capable of delivering net energy gains (Greenhouse Gas Technology Center [GGTC], 2012; PuigArnavat et al., 2010). The remaining solids from the process are composed of the mineral ash that was contained in the feed and small amounts of organic ash, principally unreacted solid carbon (char). It is estimated that 7.2 million dry tons of sewage sludge are generated annually in the United States (North East Biosolids and Res...

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On the pyrolysis of sewage sludge: the influence of pyrolysis conditions on solid, liquid and gas fractions

Cited by 356 publications

References 22 publications

Study of bio-oils and solids from flash pyrolysis of sewage sludges

Study of bio-oils and solids from flash pyrolysis of sewage sludges

Appraisal of changes in sewage sludge management

Development of a chemical kinetic model for a biosolids fluidized-bed gasifier and the effects of operating parameters on syngas quality

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