On the quality control of traded saffron by means of transmission Fourier-transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics

Ordoudi, Stella A.; Pascual, Marcelino de los Mozos; Tsimidou, Maria Z.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.014

Cited by 89 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In particular, the existence of a shoulder at 1609 cm −1 , a well‐resolved peak at 1547 cm −1 and another one at 1515 cm −1 in conjunction with a) multiple weak C‐H bending absorptions in the region between 880 and 670 cm −1 and b) the C‐H stretching one at 3010 cm −1 indicate the presence of aromatic compounds with complex substitution patterns. All these characteristics are also found in the spectra of high quality saffron . An additional peak of medium intensity at 1580 cm −1 that is usually present in the spectra of saffron but also of free and sugar esters of CRT was not evidenced here.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Additionally, a peak at around 1230 cm −1 is considered very characteristic of C(O)–O stretching vibrations in CTRSEs . This latter band was not well‐defined in the spectra of C. serotinus samples because of the low CRTSEs concentration and coupling of ester bond vibrations with amide III ones . Possible multiplicity of the absorption bands in the 1175 to 1140 cm −1 region, that can be attributed to the presence of multiple 1 → 4 glycosidic linkages in oligosaccharides was also not visualized in the FT‐MIR spectra of any CsS accessions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The fresh stigmas of the nine (9) different plant accessions were dried at 35 °C for 24 h and stored in darkness at room temperature until further processing as described in ref. .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FT‐MIR spectra were obtained using a Shimadzu IRAffinity‐1 (Shimadzu Europa GmbH, Duisburg, Germany) spectrometer operating in the region 4000 to 400 cm −1 in the absorbance mode according to a previously reported procedure . The spectra were stored, smoothed by 15 points, baseline corrected and normalized in an absorbance range between 0 and 1 (at ν = 1074.35 cm −1 ) using the software IRsolution (version 1.50) supplied from the same manufacturer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data obtained were processed further using the tools in the Microsoft Excel 2010 software. Reference spectra for pure saffron and other wild crocuses from the WSCC were available through the LFCT‐relevant database …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical Characterization of Crocus serotinus Stigmas Indicates Their Potential as a Source of the Bioactive Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Ordoudi

Pástor‐Férriz

Kyriakoudi

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Alternative plant sources to the dried flower stigmas of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) are desirable for the recovery and industrial production of the potentially bioactive apocarotenoid crocetin (CRT). In the present study, the phytochemical profile of the orange‐red stigmas from several wild and cultivated accessions of Crocus serotinus Salisb, a Spanish autumn flowering Crocus plant, is characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic fingerprinting methods. Saffron but also dried stigmas from two of its closest allies (C. cartwrightianus Herb. and C. thomasii Ten) are used for comparison. Among the studied accessions the cultivated ones present higher coloring strength values, up to fivefold lower than the minimum value of the corresponding ISO 3632 trade specification for saffron. Their polar extracts contain crocetin sugar esters (≈30 mg g−1 dw) with a different pattern than that prevailing in saffron or its closest allies but also simple phenolic and flavonoid constituents. The Fourier Transform Mid‐Infrared (FT‐MIR) spectra of C. serotinus flower stigmas are also assessed and CRT‐related diagnostic bands of potential use in the quality control of the plant material are identified. The results indicate that if successfully breeded, the C. serotinus plant may serve as an alternative source of CRT for food, pharmaceutical, and other applications. Practical Applications: The results of the study show that the red flower stigmas of the fertile C. serotinus plant that is natively grown in the Iberian Peninsula but also cultivated for gardening purposes may be an alternative source of the bioactive compound crocetin. Thus, apart from its morphological and physiological traits that are of interest for plant breeders, the particular natural product may have an added‐value that deserves further exploitation. The physicochemical characterization of stigmas from the non‐sterile Crocus serotinus plant indicates their potential as alternative sources of the bioactive crocetin, a lipophilic apocarotenoid that is primarily obtained from the secondary metabolites of C. sativus plant stigmas, known as saffron.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The fresh stigmas of the nine (9) different plant accessions were dried at 35 °C for 24 h and stored in darkness at room temperature until further processing as described in ref. .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Physicochemical Characterization of Crocus serotinus Stigmas Indicates Their Potential as a Source of the Bioactive Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Ordoudi

Pástor‐Férriz

Kyriakoudi

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Determination of seed content in red pepper powders by ¹H NMR and second‐derivative FT‐IR spectroscopy combined with statistical analyses

Choi

Hong

Kim

et al. 2022

Bulletin Korean Chem Soc

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This study focuses on discriminating the seed content in red pepper powders using 1 H NMR and second-derivative FT-IR Spectroscopy with canonical discriminant and multiple linear regression analyses. We used 165 test samples prepared by varying the seed content for spectroscopic analyses. The canonical discriminant functions derived from 21 peak variables were used to properly discriminate the red pepper powder samples based on their seed content with a 97.6% hit ratio. Additionally, we observed an average error of 7.0% while discriminating 42 blind samples. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to directly determine the seed content of new samples without running a statistical program. The best regression model constructed with only two variables showed an average error of 6.2% when applied to the blind samples. These results verify the feasibility of using 1 H NMR and FT-IR Spectroscopy with statistical analyses to determine the seed content in red pepper powders.

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Latest advances in the extraction and determination of saffron apocarotenoids

Kyriakoudi

2018

Electrophoresis

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Saffron, the dried red stigmas of Crocus sativus L. plant, is the most expensive spice in the world. It is highly valued not only for the color and flavor that exerts to various foods and drinks but also for its functional properties. Various classes of apocarotenoids such as crocetin sugar esters, picrocrocin and safranal are responsible for these characteristics. In the present review, the evolution of the methods proposed by the ISO standard for extraction and determination of saffron apocarotenoids since 1980 is presented in parallel to other approaches proposed by various scientists to overcome limitations of the standard. Moreover, the latest advances regarding applications of novel extraction techniques and powerful analytical tools that require limited or no sample preparation are critically discussed.

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On the quality control of traded saffron by means of transmission Fourier-transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics

Cited by 89 publications

References 14 publications

Physicochemical Characterization of Crocus serotinus Stigmas Indicates Their Potential as a Source of the Bioactive Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Physicochemical Characterization of Crocus serotinus Stigmas Indicates Their Potential as a Source of the Bioactive Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Determination of seed content in red pepper powders by ¹H NMR and second‐derivative FT‐IR spectroscopy combined with statistical analyses

Latest advances in the extraction and determination of saffron apocarotenoids

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On the quality control of traded saffron by means of transmission Fourier-transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics

Cited by 89 publications

References 14 publications

Physicochemical Characterization of Crocus serotinus Stigmas Indicates Their Potential as a Source of the Bioactive Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Physicochemical Characterization of Crocus serotinus Stigmas Indicates Their Potential as a Source of the Bioactive Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Determination of seed content in red pepper powders by 1H NMR and second‐derivative FT‐IR spectroscopy combined with statistical analyses

Latest advances in the extraction and determination of saffron apocarotenoids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Determination of seed content in red pepper powders by ¹H NMR and second‐derivative FT‐IR spectroscopy combined with statistical analyses