On the Relation Between Basal Erosion of the Lithosphere and Surface Heat Flux for Continental Plume Tracks

Heyn, Björn; Conrad, Clinton P.

doi:10.1029/2022gl098003

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…These examples illustrate that the thin-lithosphere channels can be created not only by rifts, such as those radiating from the Afar triple junctions, but also by other processes, such as the passage of a lithospheric plate above the plume, or simply be pre-existing areas of thinner lithosphere. Numerical modeling studies corroborate the idea that the passage of a plate over a plume can erode lithosphere and create thin-lithosphere channels (e.g., Burov & Gerya, 2014;Heyn & Conrad, 2022;Koptev et al, 2017Koptev et al, , 2018Sobolev et al, 2011).…”

Section: Evolution Of the East Africa-arabia Systemsupporting

confidence: 53%

A Complex Mantle Plume Head Below East Africa‐Arabia Shaped by the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary Topography

Civiero

Lebedev

Celli

2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Mantle plumes, the thermo-chemical instabilities rising from the Earth's core-mantle boundary are believed to be the primary cause of the emplacement of Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) (Morgan, 1971(Morgan, , 1972Richards et al., 1989). The term "plume head" is often applied to the leading portion of a plume, rising through the Earth's deep mantle. Some of the early conceptual models and experiments pictured a large, round head of a plume, followed by a narrow tail (e.g., Campbell & Griffiths, 1990;Richards et al., 1989). Other laboratory experiments and numerical models show complex and variable shapes of the upwellings (e.g., Davaille, 1999;Farnetani & Samuel, 2005;Koppers et al., 2021). Mantle structure, including the partial barrier to convection at the 660-km discontinuity and thermo-chemical heterogeneities elsewhere may strongly affect the morphology of the upwellings (

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Section: Evolution Of the East Africa-arabia Systemsupporting

confidence: 53%

A Complex Mantle Plume Head Below East Africa‐Arabia Shaped by the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary Topography

Civiero

Lebedev

Celli

2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…For example, we model deformation solely through a diffusion‐creep rheology, neglecting dislocation creep, Peierls creep, elasticity and brittle‐plastic deformation within the lithosphere. Incorporating a more complete description of the rheology could influence the distribution of plume material at the LAB and impact the associated lithospheric erosion and melt productivity (e.g., Burov & Gerya, 2014; Davies, 1994; Heyn & Conrad, 2022; Koptev et al., 2018); nonetheless, first‐order model predictions should remain consistent. Furthermore, we consider the upper mantle to be incompressible and ignore the effect of phase transitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continental Magmatism: The Surface Manifestation of Dynamic Interactions Between Cratonic Lithosphere, Mantle Plumes and Edge‐Driven Convection

Duvernay

Davies

Mathews

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Several of Earth's intra‐plate volcanic provinces lie on or adjacent to continental lithosphere. Although many are believed to mark the surface expression of mantle plumes, our limited understanding of how buoyant plumes interact with heterogeneous continental lithosphere prevents further progress in identifying mechanisms at the root of continental volcanism. In this study, using a suite of 3‐D geodynamical models, we demonstrate that the magmatic expression of plumes in continental settings is complex and strongly sensitive to the location of plume impingement, differing substantially from that expected beneath more homogeneous oceanic lithosphere. Within Earth's continents, thick cratonic roots locally limit decompression melting. However, they deflect plume conduits during their ascent, with plume material channeled along gradients in lithospheric thickness, activating magmatism away from the plume conduit, sometimes simultaneously at locations more than a thousand kilometres apart. This magmatism regularly concentrates at lithospheric steps, where it may be difficult to distinguish from that arising through edge‐driven convection. At times, the flow field associated with the plume enhances melting at these steps long before plume material enters the melting zone, implying that differentiating geochemical signatures will be absent. Beneath regions of thinner lithosphere, plume‐related flow can force material downwards at lithospheric steps, shutting off pre‐existing edge‐related magmatism. Additionally, variations in lithospheric structure can induce internal destabilization of ponding plume material, driving intricate magmatic patterns at the surface. Our analysis highlights the challenges associated with linking continental magmatism to underlying mantle dynamics, motivating an inter‐disciplinary approach in future studies.

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“…A recent shear‐wave splitting study, however, suggested that the plume impinging may be confined to the center of the ELIP (Li, Chen, et al., 2021). Tracing such hidden hotspot tracks thus may require finding more evidence of seismic signatures associated with plume‐related modification of continental lithosphere (Sleep, 1990), for example, reduced velocities (e.g., Stachnik et al., 2008), high attenuation (Chu et al., 2013), and thinning of the lithosphere (Heyn & Conrad, 2022) reported in similar studies worldwide.…”

Section: New Crustal Constraints and Tectonic Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continental Fragments in the South China Block: Constraints From Crustal Radial Anisotropy

Li,

Jiang,

Zhao

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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The lithospheric architecture of the South China Block (SCB) is crucial to understanding the formation and evolution of this distinctive and highly reworked continental lithosphere with over 3 billion years of tectonic history. However, due to a lack of high‐resolution geophysical datasets, a detailed picture of the SCB lithosphere is absent, and fundamental questions regarding its formation, assembly, and subsequent reworking processes are actively debated. Assuming that unique deformation patterns due to such tectonic processes can be mapped by seismic anisotropy, we present a new crustal radially anisotropic shear‐wave velocity model along a 1500‐km seismic transect that spans the major tectonic domains of the SCB to characterize the past deformation processes. The new seismic models show significant lateral variations in seismic anisotropy and velocity, suggesting that the SCB consists of several separated (micro)continental blocks or terranes that likely have different origins and have survived the prolonged deformation history since the early formation of these continental fragments. Combining available geophysical datasets, we link individual crustal domains of distinct anisotropy to constrain the multiphase deformation processes of the SCB, including the early formation of the Proto‐Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks, the assembly of the SCB, and the subsequent reactivation of the interior and extensive deformation that have formed the Basin‐and‐Range style tectonics in the Cathaysia Block. We suggest that relict continental fragments have played critical roles in the formation and reactivation of the SCB lithosphere.

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On the Relation Between Basal Erosion of the Lithosphere and Surface Heat Flux for Continental Plume Tracks

Cited by 13 publications

References 57 publications

A Complex Mantle Plume Head Below East Africa‐Arabia Shaped by the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary Topography

A Complex Mantle Plume Head Below East Africa‐Arabia Shaped by the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary Topography

Continental Magmatism: The Surface Manifestation of Dynamic Interactions Between Cratonic Lithosphere, Mantle Plumes and Edge‐Driven Convection

Continental Fragments in the South China Block: Constraints From Crustal Radial Anisotropy

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