On the Relationship Between Aggressive Activation, Symbiotic Merging, Intactness of Body Boundaries, and Manifest Pathology in Schizophrenics

Silverman, Lloyd H.; Candell, Peter

doi:10.1097/00005053-197005000-00007

Cited by 47 publications

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“…to them than do long-term patients and thus are more able to fend off the encroachment of pathology (Silverman & Candell, 1970). Further specification of the conditions under which subliminal aggressive stimulation increases pathology in schizophrenia has been made possible by the two independent investigations which have sought to replicate our findings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

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An experimental technique for the study of unconscious conflict

Silverman

1971

British Journal of Medical Psychology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Table 1 summarizes these findings. A rather involved explanation for this delayed effect can be found elsewhere (Silverman & Candell, 1970); here it is noted as a variable, the knowledge of which allows for a more precise specification of the conditions under which our experimental manipulation produces pathology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

An experimental technique for the study of unconscious conflict

Silverman

1971

British Journal of Medical Psychology

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“…Silverman, et al (1984) stated that 90 to 100% of subjects consistently scored at chance levels on these tasks. Subjects who performed better than chance never reported awareness of any stimulus content; their judgments were influenced by differences in the size, intensity, or color of the flashes (Silverman, 1965;Silverman, et al, 1969;Silverman & Candell, 1970) or by perception of a mark or a line . Positive findings in Silverman and his associates' experiments have never been a function of these subjects' results.…”

Section: An Individual Looks Into the Eyepiece Of A Tachistoscope Andmentioning

confidence: 97%

Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation: Mommy and I are Not Yet One

Fudin

1986

Percept Mot Skills

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S;immary.-Aspects of Silverman's subliminal psychodynamic activation (SPA) method are critically evaluated and SPA results are discussed within the context of information processing. Silverman's method has quesiionable fearures that involve visual-field position of the stimulus and structural matching of experimental and control stimuli. It lacks the converging operations required to support his contention that successful SPA experimental outcomes are due to differences in the contents of experimental and control stimuli. Evidence is offered to support the 1984 contention of Bornstein and Masling that SPA research has several unanswered questions about how consciously nonperceived stimuli are encoded and how such information can influence subsequent behavior. Extensive procedural changes for further SPA research are offered.

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“…Desse modo, podemos inferir que o fracasso da auto-representação nas pranchas D, VII e VIII, evidenciado pela alta proporção de respostas que comportam uma representação de si de nível inferior, pode estar associado ao desenvolvimento de um narcisismo patológico, calcado em uma relação especular problemática estabelecida com o objeto primário (matriz simbólica das pranchas II e VII). A organização espacial das pranchas, que assume a forma de estímulos simétricos em relação a um eixo mediano, ao apelar para as "referências corporais" que fundam a projeção, encontra uma imagem do corpo mal-estruturada, que não faculta uma diferenciação satisfatória entre o mundo interno e o mundo externo, induzindo a dissolução dos limites, fator responsável pelos estados de interpenetração e confusão comumente observados nos protocolos de psicóticos (Chabert, 1987(Chabert, ,1990Dreyfus, Husain & Rouselle-Gay-Crosier, 1989;Dreyfus, Gay-Crosier & Husain, 1983;Santos, 1991Santos, , 1992Santos & Jacquemin, 1990aSchafer, 1960;Silverman, 1970;Silverman & Candell, 1963;Timsit & Gross, 1989).…”

Section: Tabelaunclassified

A representação de si na esquizofrenia através do psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach

Santos

2000

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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RESUMO:O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a relação entre a representação de si e a organização psíquica na esquizofrenia, através do psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach. A pesquisa foi realizada com uma amostra de 20 pacientes ambulatoriais adultos do sexo masculino, diagnosticados como esquizofrênicos. Para uma avaliação sistemática das respostas obtidas, foi aplicado um instrumento de análise de conteúdo, de acordo com critérios e referenciais interpretativos propostos pela literatura. Os dados obtidos evidenciaram um severo comprometimento da estrutura representacional, bem como uma escassa projeção de dinamismo e de atividade interacional nos perceptos. O mundo interno do esquizofrênico é precariamente ordenado e integrado, marcado por uma acentuada indiferenciação afetiva e por representações de si arcaicas e regressivas, resultando no empobrecimento da personalidade. As implicações teóricas desses achados serão consideradas na discussão dos resultados.Palavras-chave: esquizofrenia, representação de si, psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach. THE SELF REPRESENTATION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: EVALUATION BY MEANS OF THE RORSCHACH TESTABSTRACT: This article discuss the relationship between the self representation and the psychic organization in schizophrenia, using the Rorschach psychodiagnosis test. The study was conducted on a sample of twenty adult male outpatients diagnosed as schizophrenics. An instrument of content analysis was applied for a systematic evaluation of the responses obtained, based on the criteria and interpretative frameworks proposed in the literature. Data analysis indicated a severe impairment of the structure of self representations, as well as a scarce projection of dynamism and of interactional activity in the perceptions. The inner world of the schizophrenic is precariously ordered and integrated, marked by a marked lack of affective differentiation, and by archaic and regressive representations of the Ego, resulting in the impoverishment of the personality. Theoretical implications are taken into account when discussing results.

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On the Relationship Between Aggressive Activation, Symbiotic Merging, Intactness of Body Boundaries, and Manifest Pathology in Schizophrenics

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

An experimental technique for the study of unconscious conflict

An experimental technique for the study of unconscious conflict

Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation: Mommy and I are Not Yet One

A representação de si na esquizofrenia através do psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach

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