On the relationship between locus of control, level of ability and gender

Manger, Terje; Eikeland, Ole‐Johan

doi:10.1111/1467-9450.00191

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As regards differences according to sex, men scored significantly higher in external locus of control, and women in internal locus of control (p> .05). These results confirm the findings of Manager and Eikeland (2000). The results related to the difference in terms of completed studies show that the scores in external LOC are higher for the lowest educational levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Locus of Control revisited: Development of a new bi-dimensional measure

et al. 2016

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Título: Locus de control revisitado: desarrollo de una medida bidimensional Resumen: El estudio del locus de control (LOC) presenta una larga tradición en Psicología, y se han diseñado distintos instrumentos para su medición. Sin embargo, la dimensionalidad del constructo no está clara y sigue siendo motivo de controversia en la actualidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar nuevas evidencias de validez sobre la dimensionalidad del LOC. Para ello se ha desarrollado un nuevo instrumento de medida compuesto por 23 ítems. Se utilizó una muestra de 697 participantes de los cuales el 57.5% fueron mujeres (M=22.43; DT= 9.19). Los resultados apoyan la bidimensionalidad del LOC: interno y externo. El coeficiente de fiabilidad de cada subescala fue de .87 para LOC interno y .85 para LOC externo. Por otra parte, ambas subescalas han mostrado adecuadas evidencias de validez en función de las relaciones con la autoeficacia, motivación de logro y optimismo (rxy> .21). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función del sexo (p < .05), los hombres puntuaron más alto en LOC externo y las mujeres en LOC interno. Las evidencias de validez aquí presentadas apoyan una estructura de dos dimensiones para el constructo LOC. El instrumento desarrollado ha mostrado adecuadas propiedades psicométricas en términos de validez y fiabilidad. Palabras clave: Locus de control interno; locus de control externo; dimensionalidad; validez.Abstract: Locus of control (LOC) has a long tradition in Psychology, and various instruments have been designed for its measurement. However, the dimensionality of the construct is unclear, and still gives rise to considerable controversy. The aim of the present work is to present new evidence of validity in relation to the dimensionality of LOC. To this end, we developed a new measurement instrument with 23 items. The sample was made up of 697 Spanish participants, of whom 57.5% were women (M=22.43; SD= 9.19). The results support the bi-dimensionality of LOC: internal (α=.87) and external (α=.85). Furthermore, both subscales have shown adequate validity evidence in relation to self-efficacy, achievement motivation and optimism (rxy> .21). Statistically significant differences were found by sex (p < .05): men scored higher in external LOC and women in internal LOC. The validity evidence supports a two-dimensional structure for the LOC, and the measurement instrument developed showed adequate psychometric properties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Locus of Control revisited: Development of a new bi-dimensional measure

et al. 2016

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“…However, the difference in locus of control may have been affected by the composition of our sample. Although some researchers (Manger & Eikeland, 2000;Olvera, Remy, Power, Bellamy, & Hays, 2001) have suggested that males have a more external locus of control than do females, others have argued that females have a more external locus of control than do males (Cairns, McWhirter, Duffy, & Barry, 1990;Wehmeyer, 1993). However, a number of scholars have suggested that gender difference in locus of control is not significant (Cooper, Burger, & Good, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locus of control, moral disengagement in sport, and rule transgression of athletes

Tsai

Wang

2014

soc behav pers

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We explored the relationships among locus of control, moral disengagement in sport, and rule transgression of athletes and whether or not moral disengagement mediates the relationship between locus of control and rule transgression. The participants were 462 athletes at a college in Taiwan. The instruments were the Sport Locus of Control Scale, the Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale, and the Rule Transgression Scale. The results revealed that a high external locus of control was positively related to moral disengagement in sport and frequent rule transgression. The relationship between locus of control and rule transgression was mediated by moral disengagement in sport. We suggest that athletes with an external locus of control should receive moral education to the end of enhancing the quality of sports contests and competitions through fewer rule transgressions and greater moral engagement.

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“…In regard to gender differences in sport locus of control, some researchers have shown that women tend to demonstrate higher levels of internal orientation than do men (Manger & Eikeland, 2000;O'Brien, Smith, Bush, & Peleg, 1990;Olvera, Remy, Power, Bellamy, & Hays, 2001), yet others have reported the opposite finding (Cairns, McWhirter, Duffy, & Barry, 1990;Wehmeyer, 1993). Still other researchers have shown that locus of control does not differ across gender (Altman & Revenson, 1985;Cooper, Burger, & Good, 1981;Heretick, 1981;Parcel & Meyer, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Children's Sport Locus of Control Scale

Tsai

Hsieh

2015

soc behav pers

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We developed the Children's Sport Locus of Control Scale (CSLCS) based on Rotter's (1954) social learning theory. Participants were 750 fifth-and sixth-grade elementary school students. We developed the scale through a series of analyses, including item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, simultaneous multigroup covariance analysis, and criterionrelated validity analysis. The CSLCS comprises 12 items, of which 6 items measure ability and responsibility in the internal control dimension, and 6 items measure environment and chance in the external control dimension. The results of the analyses confirmed that this scale has good reliability, validity, and measurement invariance, and that it also satisfies all fit measures. The 6 measures of internal locus of control in the CSLCS are suited for measuring children's sport locus of control, and the measurement results will not differ across gender. Finally, we offer suggestions to future researchers.In 1966, Rotter developed the concept of locus of control from his 1954 social learning theory, in which it is stated that people learn behavior primarily by observing and imitating the actions of others, and that they increase or decrease behavior according to whether or not they are rewarded or punished, respectively, for their actions. Locus of control refers to one's belief in how much control he or she has over life events, and was described by Rotter (1966) as a problem-solving generalized expectancy. Rotter (1966) identified two types of locus of control, SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY, 2015, 43(2), 315-326

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On the relationship between locus of control, level of ability and gender

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Locus of Control revisited: Development of a new bi-dimensional measure

Locus of Control revisited: Development of a new bi-dimensional measure

Locus of control, moral disengagement in sport, and rule transgression of athletes

Development of the Children's Sport Locus of Control Scale

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