On the relationship between mind wandering and mindfulness

Belardi, Angelo; Chaieb, Leila; Rey-Mermet, Alodie; Mormann, Florian; Rothen, Nicolas; Fell, Juergen; Reber, Thomas P.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11594-x

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The reliability estimates for the phone-assisted condition were r SB = .97 [0.95, 0.98] for recall error, r SB = .95 [0.92, 0.98] for binary attention, and r SB = .98 [0.97, 0.99] for continuous attention. The high correlation values indicate high internal consistency of all measures and are in a similar range as reliability estimates found in other studies (see Belardi et al, 2022; Kane et al, 2016; McVay & Kane, 2009 with reliability estimates ranging from .89 to .93).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

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In sight, out of mind? Disengagement at encoding gradually reduces recall of location

Martarelli¹,

Ovalle-Fresa²

2023

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Disengaging from the external world—a phenomenon referred to as mind wandering—is a common experience that has been shown to be associated with detriments in cognitive performance across a large range of tasks. In the current web-based study, we used a continuous delayed estimation paradigm to investigate the impact of task disengagement at encoding on subsequent recall of location. Task disengagement was assessed with thought probes on a dichotomous (off- vs. on-task) and a continuous response scale (from 0% to 100% on-task). This approach allowed us to consider perceptual decoupling in both a dichotomous and a graded manner. In a first study (n = 54), we found a negative relationship between levels of task disengagement at encoding and subsequent recall of location measured in degrees. This finding supports a graded perceptual decoupling process rather than a decoupling that happens in an all-or-none manner. In a second study (n = 104) we replicated this finding. An analysis of 22 participants showing enough off-task trials to fit the data with the standard mixture model, revealed that in this particular subsample, being disengaged from the task at encoding was related to worse long-term memory performance in terms of likelihood to recall, but not in terms of precision with which information is recalled. Overall, the findings suggest a graded nature of task disengagement that covaries with fine-grained differences in subsequent recall of location. Going forwards it will be important to test the validity of continuous measures of mind-wandering.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Descriptive rSB = 0.98 [0.97, 0.99] for continuous attention. The high correlation values indicate high internal consistency of all measures and are in a similar range as reliability estimates found in other studies (seeBelardi et al, 2022;McVay & Kane, 2009;Kane et al, 2016, with reliability estimates ranging from .89 to .93).…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

In sight, out of mind? Disengagement at encoding gradually reduces recall of location

Martarelli¹,

Ovalle-Fresa²

2023

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…Kabat-Zinn (Kabat-Zinn 1982), Z. V. Segal et al (Segal et al 2002), J. D. Lane et al (Lane et al 2007), S. L. Shapiro et al (Shapiro et al 2008), T. L. Jacobs et al (Jacobs et al 2010), S. L. Keng et al (Keng et al 2011), W. R. Marchand (Marchand 2013), M. P. J. Spijkerman et al (Spijkerman et al 2016), H. A. Rahl et al (Rahl et al 2017, M. Xu et al (Xu et al 2017), A. M. Househam et al (Househam et al 2017), Chuan-Chih Yang (Yang 2019), Li Laurent et al (Laurent et al 2021), Na Jiang et al (Jiang et al 2021), Belardi A. et al (Belardi et al 2022), Li J. et al (Li et al 2022, X. Wen et al (Wen et al 2022), andJ.…”

Section: The Practicing Of Mindfulness In Daily Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Buddhist Ethics for Improving Health and Well-Being during Pandemics Like COVID-19 with Special References to Modern Scientific Experiments

Bodhiprasiddhinand

2024

Religions

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The purpose of this research is to examine whether Buddhist ethics can improve the health and well-being of Buddhist practitioners during pandemics like COVID-19. It is hypothesized that diseases are part of suffering, and Buddhist teachings aim to eliminate the suffering of all beings. Buddhism also offers ethical codes of conduct for its practitioners to improve their health and well-being. So, the Buddha’s teaching or Buddhist ethics, when practiced seriously, should be able to improve one’s health, physically and mentally, enhancing the well-being of all Buddhist practitioners during the spread of all pandemics including COVID-19. The present study found that Buddhist ethical practices like the chanting of Buddhist suttas and the development of mindfulness, concentration/meditation, and insight (vipassanā) can improve both physical and mental health, which are important for dealing with any pandemic, tremendously. If the cores of Buddhist ethics (morality, meditation, and wisdom) are perfectly practiced, not only will one live with good physical and mental health but one also will be able to eliminate all the mental defilements that are the root causes of all illnesses and thus enter nibbāna, the state of mind that is beyond all sources of suffering including pandemics/epidemics. More specifically, this paper highlights a set of Buddhist practices, called four bhāvanās (types of development), that can be used to improve health and well-being during any pandemic.

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“…Both cross-sectional and long-term follow-up studies of patients diagnosed with cancer have revealed that compared to patients with a pessimistic disposition, those with an optimistic personality reported better QOL across several domains, including emotional functioning, social functioning, pain, and body image ( 18 – 20 ). Mindfulness, another internal psychological trait rooted in traditional Buddhism, refers to the nonjudgmental and intentional awareness of experiences in the present moment ( 21 ). Mindfulness is positively correlated with numerous health-related variables, such as QOL and optimistic emotions, and inversely correlated with negative mental symptoms, such as depression and anxiety ( 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of life and its association with predictors in lung transplant recipients: a latent profile analysis

Song,

Luo,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundsImproving quality of life (QOL) is one of the main aims of lung transplantation (LTx). There is a need to identify those who have poor quality of life early. However, research addressing inter individual quality of life variability among them is lacking. This study aims to identify group patterns in quality of life among lung transplant recipients and examine the predictors associated with quality of life subgroups.MethodsIn total, 173 lung transplant recipients were recruited from one hospital in Guangdong Province between September 2022 and August 2023. They were assessed using the Lung Transplant Quality of Life scale (LT-QOL), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Life Orientation Test-Revised scale (LOT-R), and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Latent profile analysis was used to identify QOL subtypes, and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between latent profiles and sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics.ResultsTwo distinct QOL profiles were identified: “low HRQOL” profile [N = 53 (30.94%)] and “high HRQOL” profile [N = 120 (69.06%)]. Single lung transplant recipients, and patients who reported post-transplant infection, high levels of negative emotion or low levels of mindfulness and optimism were significantly correlated with the low QOL subgroup.ConclusionUsing the domains of the LT-QOL scale, two profiles were identified among the lung transplant recipients. Our findings highlighted that targeted intervention should be developed based on the characteristics of each latent class, and timely attention must be paid to patients who have undergone single lung transplantation, have had a hospital readmission due to infection, exhibit low levels of optimism, low levels of mindfulness or high negative emotions.

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On the relationship between mind wandering and mindfulness

Cited by 10 publications

References 76 publications

In sight, out of mind? Disengagement at encoding gradually reduces recall of location

In sight, out of mind? Disengagement at encoding gradually reduces recall of location

Buddhist Ethics for Improving Health and Well-Being during Pandemics Like COVID-19 with Special References to Modern Scientific Experiments

Quality of life and its association with predictors in lung transplant recipients: a latent profile analysis

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