On the resolution, sensitivity and ion transmission efficiency of a planar FAIMS

Li, Junhui; Gao, Wenqing; Wu, H. R.; Shi, Shoudong; Yu, Jiancheng

doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2021.116727

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The ion peak in the second reaction appears gradually when the electric field strength reaches 15 kV/cm. When the electric field strength increases, although the resolving power is enhanced, the signal strength is inevitably reduced 23 . When the electric field intensity is not strong enough, the temperature change has no significant effect on resolving power, which can be attributed to the fact that the high‐field part of the DV has no apparent effect on the ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and experiment of high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry chip based on an integrated temperature control printed circuit board structure

Zeng,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RationaleDuring the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC) using high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS), the ambient temperature significantly impacts the accuracy of planar FAIMS. To mitigate the influence of ambient temperature on detection accuracy and enhance resolution, a FAIMS system based on the inner impedance characteristics of a printed circuit board (PCB) was designed for temperature control.MethodsThis study, conducted under standard atmospheric pressure, aimed to assess the signal stability of a planar FAIMS instrument with and without temperature control, and the effect of temperature change on the detection ability of acetone, ethanol, and their mixture was studied using PCB self‐heating.ResultsExperimental results demonstrated that the base noise in FAIMS with temperature control was 0.2 pA, whereas that in FAIMS without temperature control was 1.8 pA. Notably, with increasing temperature, the detection ability of FAIMS changes accordingly. The optimal relative detection ability of acetone was observed when the electrode plate was heated to 45°C under an electric field of 15 kV/cm.ConclusionsThis study provides a novel approach to improve the resolving power of FAIMS systems and their signal‐to‐noise ratio. The utilization of a PCB‐based temperature control proved effective in stabilizing FAIMS signal characteristics and optimizing detection capabilities, particularly for VOCs such as acetone. These findings have significant implications for improving the accuracy and resolving power of FAIMS systems in VOC detection applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and experiment of high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry chip based on an integrated temperature control printed circuit board structure

Zeng,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…As shown in Figure , the planar FAIMS-IMS-MS instrument used in this study was constructed by coupling a previously described planar FAIMS system − to an Agilent 6560 IMS-QTOF MS platform (Agilent Technologies, CA). The ion transmission efficiency of the planar FAIMS will significantly affect the sensitivity of the FAIMS-IMS-MS instrument.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ion transmission efficiency of the planar FAIMS will significantly affect the sensitivity of the FAIMS-IMS-MS instrument. According to our previous study about the resolution, ion transmission efficiency, and sensitivity of the planar FAIMS, the following parameter setting was applied to all of the experimental measurements in this study to achieve the optimum performance of the planar FAIMS: (1) the exit of the FAIMS was aligned with the inlet capillary of the IMS-QTOF MS with a 3 mm gap for electrical insulation; (2) a 4.1 kV bisinusoidal waveform (965 kHz primary frequency and 1930 kHz secondary frequency with a 2:1 amplitude ratio) was used as FAIMS DV; (3) a saw-tooth waveform, ranging from −25 to 5 V with a scan rate of 0.1 V/s, was used as FAIMS CV; (4) a previously described nano-electrospray ionization (nano-ESI) source with a flow rate of 0.35 μL/min was used to produce all of the analyte ions; and (5) the N 2 /He gas mixture was introduced into the FAIMS system at 3.5 L/min for both charged droplet desolvation and to carry ions through the FAIMS. − The gas flow rate and N 2 /He composition ratio were regulated using two digital flow meters, MFC2242-DJ-U0 and MFC2242-CF-U0 (Axetris, Kagiswil, Switzerland) for N 2 and He, respectively. The volume percentage of He was adjusted in the range of 0–40% during the experiment to avoid electric breakdown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional FAIMS-IMS Characterization of Peptide Conformers with Resolution Exceeding 1000

Gao

et al. 2022

Anal. Chem.

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A high-performance field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS)-IMS-MS platform was developed and applied to explore the conformational diversity of the singly and doubly charged bradykinin (BK + H+)+ and (BK + 2H+)2+ ions. With pure N2 as the FAIMS carrier gas, more than ten conformers of (BK + H+)+ can be resolved using FAIMS-IMS, as compared to only four conformers resolved using either FAIMS or IMS alone. Interestingly, multiple conformers of (BK + H+)+ were found to have completely different values of FAIMS compensation voltage (CV), while their IMS drift times were essentially the same, which were also proven experimentally to not result from the structural annealing by the collisional heating in the ion funnel. The separations in the FAIMS and IMS dimensions are substantially orthogonal, and the overall resolving power of two-dimensional FAIMS-IMS separation is largely proportional to the product of the separation resolving powers of FAIMS and IMS. Using a gas mixture of N2/He to further improve the resolving power of the FAIMS separation, the total resolving powers of the combined FAIMS and IMS separation were estimated to be about 1020 and 1400 for (BK + H+)+ and (BK + 2H+)2+ ions, respectively, which are significantly higher than the resolving power of any ion mobility-based separation techniques demonstrated so far. The combined FAIMS-IMS can thus be a much more powerful technique to explore the structural diversity of biomolecules.

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“…The bradykinin sample was analyzed on a previously described planar FAIMS platform 21 . The cytochrome C sample was analyzed on both Agilent 6,560 IMS‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QTOF) MS (Agilent Technologies) and Q exactive HF hybrid quadrupole‐orbitrap MS (Thermo Fisher Scientific).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bradykinin sample was analyzed on a previously described planar FAIMS platform. 21 The cytochrome C sample was analyzed on both used to produce all the analyte ions. Before applying the TSPSO overlapping peak deconvolution algorithm, all MS and FAIMS spectra were denoised by using a zero-phase digital filtering algorithm, as discussed in our previous study.…”

Section: Instruments and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐step particle swarm optimization algorithm for effective deconvolution and resolution enhancement of various overlapping peaks

Liu

Huang

et al. 2022

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale The existing particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are only effective in deconvoluting the overlapping peaks in ion mobility spectra with fewer than four component peaks, which limits the applicability of these algorithms. Methods A high‐performance two‐step particle swarm optimization (TSPSO) algorithm was developed. Compared to the existing PSO algorithms, TSPSO can narrow the search ranges of all coefficients for the overlapping peaks through Gaussian model calculation, and thus can deconvolute various overlapping peaks with high accuracy, even for 30‐component overlapping peaks. In addition, the TSPSO could be further applied to enhance the resolution of the spectra by narrowing the peak widths after the peak deconvolution. Results Simulated overlapping peaks were first used to evaluate the performance of TSPSO as compared to the dynamic inertia weight particle swarm optimization (DIWPSO) algorithm. The results showed that the profiles of the peaks deconvoluted by using TSPSO were more consistent with the original ones. The fitness values and the standard deviations of the fitness values from TSPSO were also at least an order of magnitude less than those from DIWPSO. By applying TSPSO, the overlapping peaks from both mass spectrometry (MS) and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) spectra can also be well deconvoluted. In addition, the resolutions of the MS and FAIMS spectra can be effectively enhanced after peak deconvolution. The enhanced spectra matched excellently with the experimental ones acquired at high‐resolution modes. Conclusions The experiment results convincingly demonstrate that the TSPSO algorithm is capable of both deconvoluting complex overlapping peaks and enhancing the spectrum resolution with high accuracy.

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On the resolution, sensitivity and ion transmission efficiency of a planar FAIMS

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Design and experiment of high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry chip based on an integrated temperature control printed circuit board structure

Design and experiment of high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry chip based on an integrated temperature control printed circuit board structure

Two-Dimensional FAIMS-IMS Characterization of Peptide Conformers with Resolution Exceeding 1000

Two‐step particle swarm optimization algorithm for effective deconvolution and resolution enhancement of various overlapping peaks

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