On the role of form and kinematics on the hydrodynamics of self-propelled body/caudal fin swimming

Borazjani, Iman; Sotiropoulos, Fotis

doi:10.1242/jeb.030932

Cited by 230 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Some studies employ numerical simulations to investigate the self-propulsion of fish. Borazjani and Sotiropoulos carried out fluid-structure interaction simulations to investigate the hydrodynamic mechanism in carangiform swimming [24][25]. Dong et al simulated the motion flapping ellipsoidal foil and analyzed the wake structures [26].…”

Section: The Geometric Model Of a Caudal Finmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of Bionic Caudal Fin

2016

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Abstract:In this work, numerical simulations are conducted to reveal the hydrodynamic mechanism of caudal fin propulsion. In the modeling of a bionic caudal fin, a universal kinematics model with three degrees of freedom is adopted and the flexible deformation in the spanwise direction is considered. Navier-Stokes equations are used to solve the unsteady fluid flow and dynamic mesh method is applied to track the locomotion. The force coefficients, torque coefficient, and flow field characteristics are extracted and analyzed. Then the thrust efficiency is calculated. In order to verify validity and feasibility of the algorithm, hydrodynamic performance of flapping foil is analyzed. The present results of flapping foil compare well with those in experimental researches. After that, the influences of amplitude of angle of attack, amplitude of heave motion, Strouhal number, and spanwise flexibility are analyzed. The results show that, the performance can be improved by adjusting the motion and flexibility parameters. The spanwise flexibility of caudal fin can increase thrust force with high propulsive efficiency.

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Section: The Geometric Model Of a Caudal Finmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of Bionic Caudal Fin

2016

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“…Several studies varied tail beat frequency to compute wake topology over a range of Strouhal numbers from 0 to 1.3 for carangiform and anguilliform swimmers (Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2008;Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2009;Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2010;Reid et al, 2012). These studies predicted for both anguilliform and carangiform swimming that a double-row vortex street forms at high Strouhal numbers and a single-row vortex street forms at low Strouhal numbers; some of these studies tethered the fish (Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2008;Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2009) whereas others allowed one degree of freedom -swimming speed was not an input parameter to the model but was computed from the hydrodynamic forces generated by the fish (Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2010). So far, two free-swimming models have been developed that allow three degrees of freedom: a 2-D model (Reid et al, 2012) and a 3-D model (Kern and Koumoutsakos, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models both found similar relationships between wake shape and body wave kinematics. CFD also provides more detailed 3-D flow fields than experimental flow visualization (Liu et al, 1996;Liu et al, 1997;Liu and Kawachi, 1999;Liu, 2005;Kern and Koumoutsakos, 2006;Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2008;Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2009;Borazjani and Sotiropoulos, 2010;Katumata et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body dynamics and hydrodynamics of swimming fish larvae: a computational study

Müller

Leeuwen

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYTo understand the mechanics of fish swimming, we need to know the forces exerted by the fluid and how these forces affect the motion of the fish. To this end, we developed a 3-D computational approach that integrates hydrodynamics and body dynamics. This study quantifies the flow around a swimming zebrafish (Danio rerio) larva. We used morphological and kinematics data from actual fish larvae aged 3 and 5days post fertilization as input for a computational model that predicted free-swimming dynamics from prescribed changes in body shape. We simulated cyclic swimming and a spontaneous C-start. A rigorous comparison with 2-D particle image velocimetry and kinematics data revealed that the computational model accurately predicted the motion of the fishʼs centre of mass as well as the spatial and temporal characteristics of the flow. The distribution of pressure and shear forces along the body showed that thrust is mainly produced in the posterior half of the body. We also explored the effect of the body wave amplitude on swimming performance by considering wave amplitudes that were up to 40% larger or smaller than the experimentally observed value. Increasing the body wave amplitude increased forward swimming speed from 7 to 21 body lengths per second, which is consistent with experimental observations. The model also predicted a non-linear increase in propulsive efficiency from 0.22 to 0.32 while the required mechanical power quadrupled. The efficiency increase was only minor for wave amplitudes above the experimental reference value, whereas the cost of transport rose significantly.Supplementary material available online at http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/full/215/22/4015/DC1

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“…The present paper extends that work to a small three-dimensional fish that is accelerated by fluid forces that it generates by swimming. Whereas Li et al (2012) established the speed of the center of mass of a zebrafish by three-dimensional computation and Borazjani et al (2010) discussed the speed of some different types of fish, the present paper shows that the speed in three dimensions can still be predicted by our previous two-dimensional model. In this paper, we investigate numerically the acceleration of a small three-dimensional fish (e.g., a killifish) that commences swimming via an impulsive start.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Model (B) in Fig. 1(b) is intended to simulate anguilliform locomotion, in which the entire body moves like an eel swimming (Akimoto and Miyata, 1993;Borazjani et al, 2010). Models (A) and (B) in Eq.…”

Section: Basic Equations and Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of small fish accelerating impulsively to terminal speed

Ogata

Azama

Moriyama

2017

JFST

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The present paper discusses acceleration in the swimming of a small three-dimensional fish with two motions, carangiform and anguilliform. Flow fields generated by fish deformations are investigated numerically by the constrained interpolation profile method in combination with an immersed boundary method. The three-dimensional vortical structure visualized using a second invariant and the pressure field around the fish body show that a fish with anguilliform motion accelerates more rapidly than one with carangiform motion because of a larger thrust due to the strong transverse vortex in the wake of the fish and a large pressure variation around the fish body. It is also found that the time variations of inline swimming speed of a small fish and the fluid force acting on it can be estimated using a free-fall model, and the fluid force can be expressed by a linear function of the fish speed. This function consists of a thrust part that is independent of fish speed and a viscous drag part that is proportional to fish speed. Thus, time histories of swimming speed, swimming distance, and fluid force can be predicted by simple functions from rest to terminal speed. IntroductionFish morphology and motion are being applied increasingly to robotics as a new form of underwater propulsion that does not use screws. For example, biomimetic two-joint robots have been developed that capitalize on the high maneuverability and speed of swimming dolphins (Nakashima et al., 2006). Differences in thrust and lift between robots modeled on dolphins and sea turtles have been discussed to establish an efficient propulsion system; these robots have great potential for applications such as water quality surveys in particularly shallow areas (Hosotani et al., 2010). In addition, small aquatic robots (e.g., those the size of a killifish; about 5 cm long) powered by compact fuel cells are expected to become available as lightweight and long-running propulsors (Takada et al., 2010).A great deal of knowledge gleaned from fish swimming has been used to design propulsion systems and develop their swimming capabilities. Lighthill (1960Lighthill ( , 1969 established the fundamental theoretical aspects of fish swimming, and Newman (Newman, 1973;Newman and Wu, 1973) proposed generalized slender-body and fluid-force models for a fish-like body. Since then, a general equation has been suggested to represent the Froude efficiency of a slender body placed in a uniform potential flow in relation to the motion of the body (Cheng and Blickhan, 1994). From an experimental point of view, cumulative observations and measurements have led to bending rules for natural propulsors (including fish) during steady motion-a mean flexion ratio of 0.65 and a mean flexion angle of 26.5° (Kelsey et al., 2014)-and the fact that the Strouhal number St of most swimming animals is in the range of 0.25-0.35 (Eloy, 2012). The flow velocity fields generated by swimming fish have been gradually revealed by measurements such as those made using particle image velocimetr...

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On the role of form and kinematics on the hydrodynamics of self-propelled body/caudal fin swimming

Cited by 230 publications

References 67 publications

Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of Bionic Caudal Fin

Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of Bionic Caudal Fin

Body dynamics and hydrodynamics of swimming fish larvae: a computational study

Numerical investigation of small fish accelerating impulsively to terminal speed

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