Theoretical level dependencies are discussed of relative isomer
stabilities and rotational barriers of trithiomethyl cation
[C(SH)3]+ (a) and of radical
dication [C(SH3)]⋅,2+ (b).
Spin polarization and dynamic electron correlation are very important for
the radical dictation. Removal of an electron from one of the degenerate
π‐HOMOs of C3h symmetric
[C(SH)3]+ stabilizes the remaining
π electron to such an extent that the unpaired electron is not in the
HOMO of the dictation. The radial π MO's “diving below the Fermi
level” facilitates strong spin polarization because of its energetic
proximity to σ MOs. Projection of the first three higher spin states
eliminates spin contaminations, and the terms
E(PUHF(s+3))‐E(UHF) and
E(PMP4(s+3))‐E(MP4) are discussed. The combination of
annihilation of spin contamination and electron correlation is essential
for the determination of relative energies and rotational barriers of the
radical dication. The results obtained at this level match the results of
high level QCISD(T) calculations in a near‐quantitative fashion.
Perturbation theory alone does not correct for spin contamination even if
it is carried to full fourth order and includes triple excitations; the
E(PMP4(s+3))‐E(MP4) values are all negative and can
exceed 5 kcal/mol in magnitude. Previous studies showed that annihilation
of spin contaminations is important in regions of potential energy surfaces
where σ bonds are broken (homolytic dissociation), formed (radical
addition), or both (H abstraction by radical). Our findings stress that the
annihilation of spin contaminations can be just as important for any
process that greatly alters spin polarization and even if that process
proceeds without breaking or forming of σ bonds. For comparison,
density functional theory also was employed in the potential energy surface
analyses. The results obtained with the B3LYP formalism were found to be
less susceptible to spin contamination and resulted in rather good
agreement with the best pertubation and configuration interaction results.
© 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 18:1023–1035, 1997