On the stability of a climate model for an Earth-like planet with land-ocean coverage

Alberti, Tommaso; Lepreti, F.; Vecchio, A.; Carbone, V.

doi:10.1088/2399-6528/aacd8d

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…On the contrary, for decades, these models serve as a link between theoretical concepts and the results obtained from complex climate models. Over the years, EBMs have been successfully applied to explore various aspects of the general climate theory (e.g., [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]), including feedbacks (e.g., [72,73]), climate-vegetation interaction (e.g., [74,75]) and climate-biosphere interaction (e.g., [76][77][78][79]). Here, we used a two-box EBM representing the entire climate system with only two variables, the anomaly of the GMST T and the anomaly of global mean deep ocean temperature T D [80,81].…”

Section: Using Low-order Simple Models To Study Climate Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modelling of Climate Change and Variability in the Context of Outdoor Ergonomics

2021

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The current climate change, unlike previous ones, is caused by human activity and is characterized by an unprecedented rate of increase in the near-surface temperature and an increase in the frequency and intensity of hazardous weather and climate events. To survive, society must be prepared to implement adaptation strategies and measures to mitigate the negative effects of climate change. This requires, first of all, knowledge of how the climate will change in the future. To date, mathematical modelling remains the only method and effective tool that is used to predict the climate system’s evolution under the influence of natural and anthropogenic perturbations. It is important that mathematics and its methods and approaches have played a vital role in climate research for several decades. In this study, we examined some mathematical methods and approaches, primarily, mathematical modelling and sensitivity analysis, for studying the Earth’s climate system, taking into account the dependence of human health on environmental conditions. The essential features of stochastic climate models and their application for the exploration of climate variability are examined in detail. As an illustrative example, we looked at the application of a low-order energy balance model to study climate variability. The effects of variations in feedbacks and the climate system’s inertia on the power spectrum of global mean surface temperature fluctuations that characterized the distribution of temperature variance over frequencies were estimated using a sensitivity analysis approach. Our confidence in the obtained results was based on the satisfactory agreement between the theoretical power spectrum that was derived from the energy balance model and the power spectrum that was obtained from observations and coupled climate models, including historical runs of the CMIP5 models.

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Section: Using Low-order Simple Models To Study Climate Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modelling of Climate Change and Variability in the Context of Outdoor Ergonomics

2021

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“…in the range of temperatures T low < T < T up ; α o = α max for an ocean completely covered by ice (T ≤ T low ) and α o = α min for an ice-free ocean (T ≥ T up ). The vegetation growth-rate is assumed to be a quadratic function of temperature (Watson & Lovelock 1983;Alberti et al 2015;Rombouts & Ghil 2015;Alberti et al 2018)…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with k and T opt defining the temperature range inside which vegetation can grow, while the vegetation death-rate γ is assumed to be constant (Watson & Lovelock 1983;Alberti et al 2015;Rombouts & Ghil 2015;Alberti et al 2018). The distance from the star and irradiation for the seven Trappist-1 planets are taken from Gillon et al (2016).…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Vegetation on the Temperatures of TRAPPIST-1 Planets

Vecchio

Primavera

Lepreti

et al. 2020

ApJ

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TRAPPIST-1 is an ultra-cool dwarf hosting a system consisting of seven planets. While orbital properties, radii and masses of the planets are nowadays well constrained, one of the open fascinating issues is the possibility that an environment hospitable to life could develop on some of these planets. Here we use a simple formulation of an energy balance model that includes the vegetation coverage to investigate the possibility of life affecting the climate of the planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system. Results confirm that planet T-e has the best chance for a habitable world and indicate that vegetation coverage significantly affects the resulting temperatures and habitability properties. The influence of vegetation has been evaluated in different scenarios characterized by different vegetation types, land-sea distributions and levels of greenhouse effect. While changes in vegetation type produce small changes, about 0.1%, in the habitable surface fraction, different land-sea distributions, by also affecting the vegetation growth, produce different temperature distributions. Finally at latitudes where vegetation grows, the lowering of local albedo still represents a relevant contribution in settling the planetary temperature profiles even when levels of greenhouse effect higher than the Earth-like case are considered.

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“…Ghil (1976); Rombouts & Ghil (2015). The parameter space for climate stability of Earth-like planets has also been investigated (Alberti et al 2018). In addition, the evidence of striped patterns in one-dimensional models could be seen as a manifestation of spatial multiple solutions (Adams et al 2003), closely related to the existence of positive and negative feedbacks changing stability properties (Alberti et al 2015).…”

Section: Bistability In Energy-balance Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate bistability of Earth-like exoplanets

Murante

Provenzale

Vladilo

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Before about 500 million years ago, most probably our planet experienced temporary snowball conditions, with continental and sea ices covering a large fraction of its surface. This points to a potential bistability of Earth's climate, that can have at least two different (statistical) equilibrium states for the same external forcing (i.e., solar radiation). Here we explore the probability of finding bistable climates in earth-like exoplanets, and consider the properties of planetary climates obtained by varying the semi-major orbital axis (thus, received stellar radiation), eccentricity and obliquity, and atmospheric pressure. To this goal, we use the Earth-like planet surface temperature model (ESTM), an extension of 1D Energy Balance Models developed to provide a numerically efficient climate estimator for parameter sensitivity studies and long climatic simulations. After verifying that the ESTM is able to reproduce Earth climate bistability, we identify the range of parameter space where climate bistability is detected. An intriguing result of the present work is that the planetary conditions that support climate bistability are remarkably similar to those required for the sustainance of complex, multicellular life on the planetary surface. The interpretation of this result deserves further investigation, given its relevance for the potential distribution of life in exoplanetary systems.

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On the stability of a climate model for an Earth-like planet with land-ocean coverage

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Mathematical Modelling of Climate Change and Variability in the Context of Outdoor Ergonomics

Mathematical Modelling of Climate Change and Variability in the Context of Outdoor Ergonomics

Effect of Vegetation on the Temperatures of TRAPPIST-1 Planets

Climate bistability of Earth-like exoplanets

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