On the state-dependent nature of odor perception

Shanahan, Laura K.; Kahnt, Thorsten

doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.964742

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Thus, while there are major anatomical differences between the olfactory pathway and other sensory systems, key features important for the interplay between sensory processing and sleep exist. In fact, response to odors, both at the behavioral and electrophysiological levels is state-dependent, with clear evidence of sleep-dependent sensory gating and/or changes in functional connectivity in many cases ( Shanahan and Kahnt, 2022 ). For example, in anesthetized rats undergoing spontaneous shifts between large amplitude slow-wave states and low amplitude fast-wave states, odor-evoked activity within rodent piriform cortex is greatly reduced during slow-wave activity ( Murakami et al, 2005 ; Fontanini and Katz, 2008 ; Wilson, 2010 ).…”

Section: Sleep and Sensory Processing Across Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell

Gaeta¹,

Wilson

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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Despite major anatomical differences with other mammalian sensory systems, olfaction shares with those systems a modulation by sleep/wake states. Sleep modulates odor sensitivity and serves as an important regulator of both perceptual and associative odor memory. In addition, however, olfaction also has an important modulatory impact on sleep. Odors can affect the latency to sleep onset, as well as the quality and duration of sleep. Olfactory modulation of sleep may be mediated by direct synaptic interaction between the olfactory system and sleep control nuclei, and/or indirectly through odor modulation of arousal and respiration. This reciprocal interaction between sleep and olfaction presents novel opportunities for sleep related modulation of memory and perception, as well as development of non-pharmacological olfactory treatments of simple sleep disorders.

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Section: Sleep and Sensory Processing Across Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell

Gaeta¹,

Wilson

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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“…For example, individuals who exhibit higher mood when odors are being administered may be more likely to benefit from their presence. We hope that this research helps sensory scientists appreciate how underlying features of everyday life can affect hedonic evaluations, and stimulates further work to examine the role of mood specifically, as well as other momentary states (e.g., satiety, see Shanahan et al, 2022) on odor perception in a wide range of empirical, applied, and clinical applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although it is logical to conclude that one's current mood may be related to the perceived pleasantness of odor perception, there has been surprisingly little research to address this topic (see Shanahan, Kahnt, Di Cosmo, & Shanahan, 2022). To the best of our knowledge, only three previously published studies have examined the relationship between mood and odor perception and they all involved experimentally manipulated mood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous mood state and hedonic responses to pleasant odors

Marsh

Goodwin

Sayette

et al. 2023

Journal of Sensory Studies

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Responses to olfactory cues hold significant practical implications. For instance, emerging research reveals that strategic administration of pleasant olfactory cues can support positive health and well‐being outcomes. The underlying assumption is that pleasantness of odor perception stimulates various downstream benefits. However, olfactory responses vary across individuals and identifying who is most receptive to positive olfactory effects remains an important objective. One key factor may be the perceiver's mood. This study evaluated the association between natural mood state and subjective pleasantness ratings to normatively positive odors. In two experimental sessions, 232 participants with intact olfactory function rated their current mood and the pleasantness of six odorants. Across sessions, individuals with more positive baseline moods rated the odors as being more pleasant than did those with lower baseline mood scores. These findings suggest that individual differences in natural occurring mood should be considered in research examining the positive effects of olfactory cues. Practical Applications Pleasant olfactory cues show great potential for interventional research design within sensory science; however, there is little research examining how individual differences may impact the perception and effectiveness of odors. Our data demonstrate that baseline mood state is directly associated with the hedonic perception of pleasant odors. These findings illustrate that individual mood state may be essential to consider for basic research, applied, and consumer sensory panel testing of odor hedonics, and further suggest that inherent mood may influence the degree to which smelling normatively pleasant odors may enhance mental and physical health outcomes.

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“…As described by Mori and Sakano , hunger and thirst are the internal physiological stress and homeostatic challenges essential for driving food/water-searching and ingestion behaviors. Beyond this collection, we introduce an interesting review of human behavioral studies on how internal states, particularly hunger and satiety, influence odor perception (Shanahan and Kahnt, 2022 ). Hunger and satiety alter the way we perceive the scent of foods to be eaten and foods recently consumed.…”

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confidence: 99%