On the Succession of Sarmatian Population in the East-European Steppes

Balabanova, Mariya; Federation, Russian

doi:10.15688/jvolsu4.2016.2.2

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The study of the Late Sarmatian craniological series from various territories shows that in morphological terms the population of this culture was presented predominantly by the long-headed Caucasians whose appearance was different from the previous inhabitants of the territory, which makes it possible to explain the origin of the population and culture by migrations (Ginzburg 1959;Firshtein 1970;Balabanova 2004Balabanova , 2016Batieva 2011;Malashev and Yablonsky 2008). The comparison of the cultural and chronological groups of the Sarmatian time (the fouth -the third centuries BC -the second -the fourth centuries AD) from the territory of Eurasian steppe allows determining when and where the first migrations started.…”

Section: Probable Origins and Spread Of The Deformation Practice In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconsidering the Issue of Eastern Migrations in Connection with the Artificial Cranial Deformation Practices among the Late Sarmatians

Balabanova¹

2019

seh

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The article is devoted to the custom of artificial deformation of skull which was practiced by the early nomads of the late Sarmatian time in the steppe zone of Eastern Europe. The issues of spread, origin and functional load of this custom are being resolved on the basis of the mass paleoanthropological materials from the burial mounds in the Southern Urals, the Lower Volga and the Lower Don region. The data show that the proportion of deformed skulls varies from 50 per cent to 100 per cent while the dating of the complex, where the materials with deformation marks come from, has shown that no gradual penetration occurred in the late Sarmatian society. Due to the fact that the late Sarmatian society had some peculiar features (e.g., children were not buried under the mounds and only part of women had this kind of privilege and also the high injury level of the skeletons caused by hostilities) it is possible to consider that the custom of the artificial deformation was a constant symbol of intra-group solidarity and inter-group cultural differences. One can hardle define the connection between the practice of deformation and such phenomena as fashion and esthetics, since along with the late Sarmatians a large number of settled and nomadic tribes practiced this custom.

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Section: Probable Origins and Spread Of The Deformation Practice In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconsidering the Issue of Eastern Migrations in Connection with the Artificial Cranial Deformation Practices among the Late Sarmatians

Balabanova¹

2019

seh

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On the Issue of the Sarmatian Population Genetic Composition in the Lower Volga Region (Paleogenetic Data)

Пилипенко

Cherdantsev

Trapezov

et al. 2020

Vestn. Volgogr. gos. univ., Ser. 4, Istor. regionoved. mezdunar

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Introduction. The article presents the results of the analysis of mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome samples obtained from the representatives of Sarmatian populations from the Lower Volga region belonging to all stages of the culture. Methods and materials. The authors have screened samples from 202 individuals representing three cultural and chronological Sarmatian groups (Early Sarmatian, Middle Sarmatian and Late Sarmatian cultures). As a result, the researchers have determined the structure and phylogenetic position of 62 mitochondrial DNA samples and 12 Y-chromosome samples, carried out a comprehensive analysis of the results. The authors have interpreted the obtained results in terms of the formation of the Sarmatian genetic composition and their genetic relationships. Results and discussion. The paper shows that the Sarmatian mitochondrial DNA pool is characterized by a high level of diversity, which is also typical for other Early Iron Age nomadic groups. The mitochondrial DNA lineages of Western Eurasian origin dominate in the Sarmatian gene pool, while lineages of Eastern Eurasian haplogroups cover less than 13% of the total sample. Data on both genetic markers suggests that the formation of the main features of the Sarmatian gene pool could be alternatively influenced by populations from more eastern regions, genetically more related to the Andronovo historical and cultural community, which is consistent with the data of physical paleoanthropology, or autochthonous populations of the Lower Volga and adjacent regions. The mitochondrial DNA data indicates a significant genetic influence of the populations from more southern regions of the Eurasian steppe belt on the Sarmatian gene pool. In addition, the authors show the presence of Eastern Eurasian components in the gene pools of all chronological Sarmatian groups, which may indicate the genetic influence of early nomads from eastern regions of the Eurasian steppe belt. The exact time of the appearance of these eastern genetic components in the Lower Volga region remains unclear. At the same time, the authors did not find the signs of an increase in the role of eastern components during the transition from the Early to Middle and to Late stages of the Sarmatian culture, which could be expected based on the data of archaeology and physical anthropology. Prospects. Prospects for a more detailed reconstruction of the Sarmatian genetic history in the Lower Volga region are associated with the further development of the diachronic model, including the accumulation of more mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome data for the population of each stage of the Sarmatian culture, the involvement of groups preceding the Sarmatians in the region in the study and the analysis of additional markers of nuclear DNA.

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The Problem of Forming a Sample for Bioarchaeological Research (Based on the Results of the Study of Paleoanthropological Materials of the Lower Volga Region)

Balabanova

2023

Vestn. Volgogr. gos. univ., Ser. 4, Istor. regionoved. mezdunar

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Introduction. The problem of studying the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of ancient and medieval peoples appeared immediately after the formation of archaeology as a science. At first, archaeologists tried to identify the bearers of archaeological cultures with specific ethnic groups, and then they began to determine cultural-historical communities and color them ethnically. In the anthropological context, cultural-historical communities exist in the form of paleopopulations or samples. The question of the relationship between the materials of the monument and the sample is legitimate since often the archaeological and anthropological contexts do not coincide. Methods and materials. The work is based on a comparison of data from an anthropological sample (paleopopulation) and cultural and chronological definitions of archaeological complexes from where the material originated. For this, both the results of studies published by the author and new data, which were studied by the methods of simple and multivariate statistics, were used. Analysis and discussion. Comparative analysis of the Sauromat-Sarmatian materials shows that the series of previous and subsequent cultures often show great similarity, which can be explained not only by the continuity of the population but also by the fact that the chronological groups are members of the same paleopopulation. In addition, there are a number of complexes of the transitional period that are culturally defined by different archaeologists in different ways. Another aspect, which is considered in the article, is connected with the materials of the same burial ground or even a mound-cemetery of the Middle and Late Bronze Age. With the relative synchronism of the burials, a different cultural interpretation (variant, culture) is given, which leads to significant difficulties in the study of anthropological materials, the results of which also allow us to assume that all individuals belong to the same population. Conclusions. The problem associated with the procedure of sampling for bioarchaeological research has a long history, and it needs to be solved in the context of the archaeological source being studied. It is necessary to constantly compare the monument data with the results of the sample study, rethink, revise, and test them, and determine how reliable they are and whether they fall into the confidence interval.

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On the Succession of Sarmatian Population in the East-European Steppes

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Reconsidering the Issue of Eastern Migrations in Connection with the Artificial Cranial Deformation Practices among the Late Sarmatians

Reconsidering the Issue of Eastern Migrations in Connection with the Artificial Cranial Deformation Practices among the Late Sarmatians

On the Issue of the Sarmatian Population Genetic Composition in the Lower Volga Region (Paleogenetic Data)

The Problem of Forming a Sample for Bioarchaeological Research (Based on the Results of the Study of Paleoanthropological Materials of the Lower Volga Region)

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