On the taxonomic status of some Glyptodontidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) from the Pleistocene of South America

A new cingulate (Mammalia: Xenarthra),Pachyarmatherium brasiliensesp. nov., from the Late Pleistocene of Northeastern Brazil

“…The specimen described here likely comes from the same region of the carapace, and resembles those of Hill (2006) in its near-isodiametric and hexagonal outline, instead of being anteroposteriorly elongate as in the lateral regions of carapace, as well as the relatively small size of the main figure compared to that found on the posterodorsal and lateralmost osteoderms (see Lydekker 1894 and Duarte 1997 for descriptions and illustrations of Glyptodon osteoderms, and Gillete and Ray 1981 for Glyptotherium; for a comparison between the two, see Carlini et al 2008b andOliveira et al 2010). In addition, both the present material and the specimens analyzed by Hill (2006) lack some of the typical juvenile stage characters of glyptodontine glyptodonts, such as convex main and peripheral figures and smooth lateral surfaces (Zurita et al 2011a), indicating that they belonged to relatively mature individuals. This suggests that the histological differences described here are not the result of intra-individual or ontogenetic variation, and may therefore be significant in a systematic context.…”

A new species of Eutatus Gervais (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) from the Late Pleistocene of the Northern Pampean Region, Argentina

“…This has also led to the creation of nonvalid species based on juvenile or sub-adult specimens. This subject was recently reviewed by several authors (Zurita et al, 2011(Zurita et al, , 2016Cruz et al, 2016) and the shape of osteoderms from a juvenile specimen of Glyptodon sp. were described .…”

Quaternary mammals from central Brazil (Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul) and comments on paleobiogeography and paleoenvironments

“…Such procedure took into account the occurrence of extinct Quaternary mammals above 50 kg in the Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazilian Intertropical region, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay, Mesopotamian region, North central Argentina, South of Bolivia, Paraguay and Pampean region. In Table 1, we present a matrix of presence (1) and absence (0) of taxa in South American paleozoogeographical zones, identified to species level, based on Prado & Alberdi (1999), Bond et al (2001), Alberdi & Prado (2004), Carlini et al (2004), Noriega et al (2004), Zurita et al (2004Zurita et al ( , 2007Zurita et al ( , 2011, Soibelzon et al (2005Soibelzon et al ( , 2012, Salles et al (2006), Pitana & Ribeiro (2007), Scherer et al (2007), Scheffler et al (2010), Pitana (2011), Miño-Boilini (2012, Silva et al (2012), Zurita et al (2012) including the specimens herein identified. The cluster analysis was performed on binary matrix employing the clustering algorithm UPGMA (Average Linkage Clustering; Sokal & Michener, 1958) and the Euclidean similarity index using the software Past 3.14.…”