On the temporal and spatial variation of ozone in Cyprus

Kleanthous, Savvas; Vrekoussis, Mihalis; Mihalopoulos, N.; Kalabokas, Pavlos; Lelieveld, Jos

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.101

Cited by 85 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Observed average monthly O 3 concentrations for July 2014 fall within the climatological averaged summer values given by Kleanthous et al (2014). In their study, July monthly means of O 3 concentrations over a period of 15 years were found to be 54.3 ± 4.7 ppbV over all stations.…”

Section: Main Gaseous Pollutantssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In general, wind direction appears to have an important impact on pollutant concentrations over Cyprus. Kleanthous et al (2014) showed that at the Ayia Marina station northerlies are associated with 3-5 % higher O 3 concentrations compared to westerlies and southerlies during all seasons. Similar results appear for modelled O 3 concentrations at this station.…”

Section: Frequency Of Counts By Wind Direction (%)mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The eastern Mediterranean atmospheric O 3 concentrations are characterized by seasonal variability with the maxima observed during the summer (Kouvarakis et al, 2000;Gerasopoulos et al, 2005;Kalabokas et al, 2008;Kleanthous et al, 2014) due to intense photochemical activity and the prevailing meteorological conditions. The collocation of the south-eastern Europe/Balkan Peninsula high-pressure system and the Asian monsoon low-pressure regime to the east causes northerly circulation over the Aegean Sea that sheers to north-westerly over the eastern Mediterranean (Tyrlis et al, 2013;Anagnostopoulou et al, 2014).…”

Section: G K Georgiou Et Al: Summer Eastern Mediterranean Air Qualmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the EMME region is affected by near-surface transport of polluted air masses from various distance sources such as the Middle East, eastern and central Europe (Lelieveld et al, 2002;Gerasopoulos et al, 2005;Ladstätter-Weißenmayer et al, 2007;Kalabokas et al, 2008;Kanakidou et al, 2011). Kleanthous et al (2014) reported that long-range transport (LRT) has important impacts on the air quality over the island of Cyprus and it is directly linked to high O 3 levels. Local precursor emissions such as nitrogen oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been found to account only for 6 % of the observed O 3 levels.…”

Section: G K Georgiou Et Al: Summer Eastern Mediterranean Air Qualmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We employ the WRF-Chem model to study summertime air pollution, the intense photochemical activity and their impact on air quality over the eastern Mediterranean. We utilize three nested domains with horizontal resolutions of 80, 16 and 4 km, with the finest grid focusing on the island of Cyprus, where the CYPHEX campaign took place in July 2014. Anthropogenic emissions are based on the EDGAR HTAP global emission inventory, while dust and biogenic emissions are calculated online. Three simulations utilizing the CBMZ-MOSAIC, MOZART-MOSAIC, and RADM2-MADE/SORGAM gas-phase and aerosol mechanisms are performed. The results are compared with measurements from a dense observational network of 14 ground stations in Cyprus. The model simulates T 2 m , P surf , and WD 10 m accurately, with minor differences in WS 10 m between model and observations at coastal and mountainous stations attributed to limitations in the representation of the complex topography in the model. It is shown that the south-eastern part of Cyprus is mostly affected by emissions from within the island, under the dominant (60 %) westerly flow during summertime. Clean maritime air from the Mediterranean can reduce concentrations of local air pollutants over the region during westerlies. Ozone concentrations are overestimated by all three mechanisms (9 % ≤ NMB ≤ 23 %) with the smaller mean bias (4.25 ppbV) obtained by the RADM2-MADE/SORGAM mechanism. Differences in ozone concentrations can be attributed to the VOC treatment by the three mechanisms. The diurnal variability of pollution and ozone precursors is not captured (hourly correlation coefficients for O 3 ≤ 0.29). This might be attributed to the underestimation of NO x concentrations by local emissions by up to 50 %. For the fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), the lowest mean bias (9 µg m −3 ) is obtained with the RADM2-MADE/SORGAM mechanism, with overestimates in sulfate and ammonium aerosols. Overestimation of sulfate aerosols by this mechanism may be linked to the SO 2 oxidation in clouds. The MOSAIC aerosol mechanism overestimates PM 2.5 concentrations by up to 22 µg m −3 due to a more pronounced dust component compared to the other two mechanisms, mostly influenced by the dust inflow from the global model. We conclude that all three mechanisms are very sensitive to boundary conditions from the global model for both gas-phase and aerosol pollutants, in particular dust and ozone.

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Section: Main Gaseous Pollutantssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Frequency Of Counts By Wind Direction (%)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: G K Georgiou Et Al: Summer Eastern Mediterranean Air Qualmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G K Georgiou Et Al: Summer Eastern Mediterranean Air Qualmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison

et al. 2018

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“…NOx, SOx and NMVOCs decreased by nearly 50 %, 80 % and 57 % respectively during 1990-2013; European Union emission inventory report, 2017), these emissions are still substantial having significant global impact. Apart from the influence of European emissions, Cyprus is strategically located at cross-roads of air masses from Asia, Africa and the Atlantic (Kleanthous et al, 2014). Influence from all these different source regions, incorporating 20 the impact of a plethora of hydrocarbons, nitrogen and sulfur species as well as mineral dust on the atmospheric processing in this part of the world, have attracted several field campaigns (Carslaw et al, 2001;Berresheim et al, 2003).…”

Section: Motivation For the Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation processes in the Eastern Mediterranean atmosphere: Evidence from the Modelling of HO<sub>x</sub> Measurements over Cyprus

Mallik¹,

Tomsche²,

Bourtsoukidis³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. The Mediterranean is a climatically sensitive region located at the crossroads of air masses from three continents: 15Europe, Africa and Asia. The chemical processing of air masses over this region has implications not only for the air quality, but also for the long-range transport of air pollution. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of oxidation processes over the Mediterranean, atmospheric concentrations of the hydroxyl radical (OH) and the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) were measured during an intensive field campaign (CYprus PHotochemistry EXperiment, CYPHEX-2014) in the north-west of Cyprus in the summer of 2014. Very low local anthropogenic and biogenic emissions around the measurement location 20 provided a vantage point to study the contrasts in atmospheric oxidation pathways under highly processed marine air masses and those influenced by relatively fresh emissions from mainland Europe.The CYPHEX measurements were used to evaluate OH and HO2 simulations using a photochemical box model (CAABA/MECCA) constrained with CYPHEX observations of O3, CO, NOx, hydrocarbons, peroxides and other major HOx (OH + HO2) sources and sinks in a low NOx environment (<100 pptv NO). The model simulations for OH showed very good 25 agreement with in-situ OH observations. Model simulations for HO2 also agreed fairly well with in-situ observations except when pinene levels exceeded 80 pptv. Different schemes to improve the agreement between observed and modelled HO2, including changing the rate coefficients for the reactions of terpene generated peroxy radicals (RO2) with NO and HO2 as well as the autoxidation of terpene generated RO2 species, are explored in this work. The main source of OH in Cyprus was its primary production from O3 photolysis during the day and HONO photolysis during early morning. Recycling contributed 30 about one-third of the total OH production, and the maximum recycling efficiency was about 70 %. CO, which was the largest OH sink was also the largest HO2 source. Lowest HOx production and losses occurred when the air masses had higher residence time over the oceans.Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10. 5194/acp-2018-25 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Chem. Phys. Air pollution and HOx chemistryThe chemical and photochemical processing of air pollutants, in conjunction with local emissions, meteorology and atmospheric transport, strongly influences the air quality over a region. The regional air quality impacts human health, agriculture, the overall condition of the biosphere and subsequently the climate. Studies attribute 2-4 million premature 5 deaths globally to outdoor air pollution (Silva et al., 2013;Lelieveld et al., 2015). Oxidants in the Earth's atmosphere prevent the pollutants released into it from building up to toxic levels. These oxidants not only convert many toxic pollutants into less toxic forms (e.g. CO to CO2) but also help in their removal (e.g. NOx and SO2 are converted into soluble HNO3 and H2SO4 respectively), although some toxic chemicals may s...

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Environmental Issues and Sustainable Development in North Cyprus

Akanyeti

Cakir

2022

Climate Change, Natural Resources and Sustainable Environmental Management

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On the temporal and spatial variation of ozone in Cyprus

Cited by 85 publications

References 29 publications

Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison

Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison

Oxidation processes in the Eastern Mediterranean atmosphere: Evidence from the Modelling of HO<sub>x</sub> Measurements over Cyprus

Environmental Issues and Sustainable Development in North Cyprus

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On the temporal and spatial variation of ozone in Cyprus

Cited by 85 publications

References 29 publications

Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison

Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison

Oxidation processes in the Eastern Mediterranean atmosphere: Evidence from the Modelling of HO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; Measurements over Cyprus

Environmental Issues and Sustainable Development in North Cyprus

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Product

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Oxidation processes in the Eastern Mediterranean atmosphere: Evidence from the Modelling of HO<sub>x</sub> Measurements over Cyprus