On the Theory of the Bubble Chamber

Seitz, Frederick

doi:10.1063/1.1724333

Cited by 292 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In order to determine the thermodynamic conditions of the superheated liquid in terms of pressure and temperature of the fluid that fix the desired energy threshold of the detector for nuclear recoils, the "hot spike" Seitz model [4] is applied. This model considers the necessary energy to overcome the surface energy and the latent heat, in first approximation the energy threshold can be parameterized as follows:…”

Section: Ricap-2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark matter searches using superheated liquids

Bou-Cabo

Ardid

Felis

2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Direct detection of dark matter is one of the most important topics in modern physics. It is estimated that 22% of universe matter is composed by dark matter in front of 0.4% of ordinary matter like stars, galaxies planets and all kind of known astrophysical objects. Several kinds of experiments are nowadays involved in detection of one of the more accepted particle candidates to be dark matter: WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). These detectors, using several kinds of techniques: Cryogenic semiconductors, scintillation materials like I Na or noble gas chambers among others, are reporting very interesting but inconclusive results. In this paper a review of detectors that are using the superheated liquid technique in bubble chambers in order to detect WIMPs is reported. Basically, we will report about Coupp (Chicagoland observatory for underground particle physics), PICO that is composed by Coupp and Picasso researchers having the aim to build a ton experiment and also about a new detector named MOSCAB (Materia oscura a bolle) that recently published a first results of a test chamber that uses also superheated liquid technique but as a Geyser chamber.

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Section: Ricap-2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark matter searches using superheated liquids

Bou-Cabo

Ardid

Felis

2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…The detector operation can be understood in the framework of the theory of Seitz (4) which describes bubble formation as being triggered by the heat spike produced by the energy deposited when a particle traverses a depth of superheated medium. Bubble formation will occur when a minimum deposited energy, E Rth , exceeds the threshold value…”

Section: Bubble Formation In Sbd'smentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of special bubble detectors for PICASSO

Azuelos¹,

Barnabé‐Heider²,

Behnke³

et al. 2006

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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The PICASSO project is a cold dark matter (CDM) search experiment relying on the superheated droplet technique. The detectors use superheated freon liquid droplets (active material) dispersed and trapped in a polymerized gel. This detection technique is based on the phase transition of superheated droplets at about room temperature and ambient pressure. The phase transition is induced by nuclear recoils when an atomic nucleus in the droplets interacts with incoming subatomic particles. This includes CDM particles candidate as the neutralino (a yet-to-discover particle predicted in extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics).Simulations performed to understand the detector response to neutrons and alpha particles are presented along with corresponding data obtained at the Montreal Laboratory. INTRODUCTIONSuperheated droplet detectors, here referred to as special bubble detectors (SBD's), use superheated liquid droplets (active medium) dispersed and suspended in a polymerized gel (1,2) . Presently, these droplet detectors consist of an emulsion of droplets of a superheated liquid (such as C 3 F 8 , C 4 F 10 , CF 3 Br, CCl 2 F 2 ) which are metastable at about room temperature and ambient pressure. During the fabrication process, the droplets are dispersed in an aqueous solution to which a heavy salt (e.g. CsCl) is added to equalize densities so that the droplets neither sink nor raise to the surface. As a result of the fabrication process, a gel matrix with an isotropic distribution of droplets is obtained. The operation of the detector can be controlled by applying an adequate pressure which makes the boiling temperature of the liquid raise, preventing bubble formation. Under this external pressure, the detectors are insensitive to radiation.By removing the external pressure, the liquid becomes superheated and sensitive to incoming particles and radiation. Bubble formation occurs through liquid-to-vapour phase transitions, triggered by the energy deposited by incoming particles and radiation. The energy deposition can be the result of nuclear recoils (through interactions with neutrons or other particles), or gamma and alpha particles. Bubble detectors are threshold detectors as a minimal energy deposition is needed to induce a phase transition. Their sensitivity to various types of radiation strongly depends on the operating temperature and pressure. The liquid-to-vapour transition is explosive in nature and is accompanied by an acoustic shock wave which can be detected with piezoelectric sensors (3)

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“…The 19 F nucleus, because of its single unpaired proton and 100% isotopic abundance, provides a unique target to search for the spin-dependent WIMP-proton interactions [4]. Experiments using fluorine-based targets are setting the strongest constraints on such interactions [5][6][7] and all of them make use of bubble chambers [8,9], i.e., detectors containing superheated liquids, whose main advantage is that of being insensitive to beta and gamma background. The aim of such detectors, for the best possible sensitivity, is to have the largest possible target mass and the lowest possible detection threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOSCAB: a geyser-concept bubble chamber to be used in a dark matter search

et al. 2017

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The MOSCAB experiment (Materia OSCura A Bolle) uses the "geyser technique", a variant of the superheated liquid technique of extreme simplicity. Operating principles of the new dark matter detector and technical solutions of the device are reported in detail. First results obtained in a series of test runs taken in laboratory demonstrate that we have successfully built and tested a geyser-concept bubble chamber that can be used in particle physics, especially in dark matter searches, and that we are ready to move underground for extensive data taking.

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On the Theory of the Bubble Chamber

Cited by 292 publications

References 13 publications

Dark matter searches using superheated liquids

Dark matter searches using superheated liquids

Simulation of special bubble detectors for PICASSO

MOSCAB: a geyser-concept bubble chamber to be used in a dark matter search

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