On the thermal rupture of 1.9m3 propane pressure vessels with defects in their thermal protection system

Behavior of intumescent epoxy resins in fireproofing applications

“…Therefore, the availability of appropriate models for both the thermal properties and the kinetics of the degradation is of utmost importance in the design of fireproofing systems based on intumescent epoxy resins. In particular, advanced studies on the performance of fireproofing protection require sound models suitable for the implementation in finite elements model (FEM) simulations [4][5][6][7].…”

“…The proposed models are specifically suited for the use in FEM simulations applied to the detailed design of fireproofing systems. The models were developed to meet the needs of a more detailed modeling of intumescent materials in fire protection applications and of improved design criteria for fire protection barriers based on fireproofing materials [4][5][6][7].…”

Risk reduction in road and rail LPG transportation by passive fire protection

“…It is well known that in road and rail accidents severe fire engulfment or impingement may take place, while external cooling due to rescue teams or fire brigades may be widely delayed with respect to fixed installations [40]. Moreover, experimental tests addressing these specific scenarios were mostly carried out at a laboratory [32] or pilot scale [29,34,35,[41][42][43][44][45]. Thus, in the present study, experimental data reported in the literature were combined to the results obtained from a full scale detailed model, based on finite elements simulations, to assess the effectiveness of passive protection in "fired" BLEVE prevention for severe accidental scenarios specific of the road transportation of LPG.…”

Safety assessment in plant layout design using indexing approach: Implementing inherent safety perspective

“…Fire insulation is a passive measure that is suitable for protecting equipment from these types of escalation events. In the case of flame impingement, however, even small defects in insulation continuity nullify the protective behavior [7,8]. Defects can easily originate from damage or ripping, but also from incorrect operations (e.g.…”