On the trade-off between cost and availability of virtual networks

Herker, Sandra; Kieß, Wolfgang; An, Xueli; Kirstädter, Andreas

doi:10.1109/ifipnetworking.2014.6857115

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Assume that the availability of all links on the network initially is 0.99, with MTTR = 24 hrs, which corresponds to MTBF = 2400. If we were to increase the MTTR in one link (i.e., to reach a S or a l ), the improvement is subject to the cost function Cost = M T BF α from [15], where the MTBF value is for 1 km. For α, we use different values range from 1 to 2 with step size of 0.1, and also we use the geographic distances for links in both networks to calculate the MTBF.…”

Section: Monetary Cost and Implementation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grover and Sack [6] proposed to model the reduction of the mean-time-to-repair (MTTR) and the associated cost in terms of % of budget for improving availability as having an inverse relationship of the form Cost = (M T T R o /M T T R) 1/α where M T T R o is the baseline mean-time-to-repair and α is a parameter. Recently [15], models the cost of increasing the mean-time-between-failure (MTBF) as polynomial function of MTBF, namely Cost = M T BF α + K where α is a parameter and K is a constant fixed cost. Note, that these two works each focus on only one side of the techniques to improve availability.…”

Section: Monetary Cost and Implementation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Spine concept for improving network availability

2015

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Telecommunications networks need to guarantee that all node pairs involved in critical service communications are highly available. Here we adopt a novel approach to the problem of how to provide high levels of availability in an efficient manner. The basic idea is to embed at the physical layer a high availability set of links and nodes (termed the spine) in the network topology to support protection and routing in providing end-to-end availability. We first explore the spine concept through simple topologies illustrating the potential benefits of the approach in improving the overall network availability and the capability to support quality of resilience classes. Then, we study how the structural properties of a network topology can be used to determine heuristics to select a suitable spine and compare this with the case where all network components have the same availability. This is followed by a numerical based study comparing the heuristics with all possible spanning tree based spines for sample topologies. Our results demonstrate how to best design a physical network to support protection methods in achieving high levels of availability efficiently.

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Section: Monetary Cost and Implementation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monetary Cost and Implementation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spine concept for improving network availability

2015

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“…Here we assume the availability of different fiber technologies as in Table I and Eq. (1) in [17] for 1 km. For a given fiber type t ∈ F t , we have the following availability:…”

Section: Greedy Iterative -Min Costmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the previous greedy iterative algorithm (Max Availability), extra backup fibers are added to improve the overall network availability assuming a single type of fiber, whereby reliability depends mainly on the fiber length. However, the availability of a given fiber can vary depending on its fiber technology, as investigated in [17]. Here we assume the availability of different fiber technologies as in Table I and Eq.…”

Section: Greedy Iterative -Min Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliable Communication Networks for Smart Grid Transmission Systems

et al. 2016

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In this paper, we discuss the communications reliability requirements posed by the smart power grid with a focus on communications in support of wide area situational awareness. Implementation of wide area situational awareness relies on both transmission substation networks and wide area optical networks. We study the reliability of a sample communications network of the California Power Grid and find that its reliability falls short of proposed requirements. To overcome this issue, we consider the problem of designing the substation network and the wide area network to meet the reliability requirements while minimizing the network cost. For the wide area network design problem, we propose two alternate design approaches, namely:(1) following the power lines and (2) a mesh based design interconnecting the nodes. For the first approach we develop two greedy iterative heuristics and a heuristic integer linear programming (H-ILP) model using minimum cut-sets for network reliability optimization. The greedy iterative algorithms outperform the H-ILP approach in terms of cost, but require a larger amount of computing resources. Both proposed models are in fact complementary and thus provide a framework to optimize the reliability of smart grid communica-Martin This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in "Journal of Network and Systems Management". The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10922-016-9375-y. 2 Velin Kounev et al.tions networks restricted to following the power lines. In the second approach a greenfield mesh network method is proposed based on starting with a minimum spanning tree which is then augmented through a greedy heuristic into a mesh. Comparative numerical results show that the reliable mesh design has advantages in terms of the number of links and total link distance needed.Keywords Smart Grid · Availability · Network Design IntroductionThe North American electrical power infrastructure is in need of modernization, due to global warming concerns, volatility in energy supplies and prices, increasing worldwide energy demand, and aging power generation and transmission equipment. This has led to the vision of a smart electrical power grid utilizing the latest information and communications technologies, enabling real-time load and control capabilities from the point of generation to the end-customer. According to the US Department of Energy (DoE) [20], the so-called smart grid electricity delivery network will have several key defining functions, namely: (i) enabling active participation by consumers to adjust consumption based on price and overall demand, (ii) improving the utilization and efficiency of the grid by better matching generation with demand, (iii) integrating renewable (e.g., solar, hydro, wind, etc.) and distributed power generation sources, (iv) providing energy storage options to support renewable power generation, and (v) improving power quality and reliability, and enhancing resiliency to attack, natural di...

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An Emerging Survivability Technology for Dispatching Service of Electric Power Communication Network

Liu

et al. 2018

IEEE Access

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On the trade-off between cost and availability of virtual networks

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

The Spine concept for improving network availability

The Spine concept for improving network availability

Reliable Communication Networks for Smart Grid Transmission Systems

An Emerging Survivability Technology for Dispatching Service of Electric Power Communication Network

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