On the transient flow in the 20-liter explosion sphere

Dahoe, A.E.; Cant, RS; Pegg, Michael J.; Scarlett, B. Florence

doi:10.1016/s0950-4230(01)00052-3

Cited by 56 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The experimental data measured by Dahoe et al 19 and de Heij 28 are also shown. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com] s e 52T L log n ð Þ…”

Section: Equationsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In the past, different authors measured the turbulence level inside three different equipment: the 20 L sphere [17][18][19] ; the 1 m 3 ISO vessel 20 and a 1 m 3 cylindrical vessel. 21 Turbulence measurements were performed by means of hot wire anemometry 17,18,21 or laser doppler anemometry.…”

Section: C 2013 American Institute Of Chemical Engineersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Turbulence measurements were performed by means of hot wire anemometry 17,18,21 or laser doppler anemometry. 19,20 Collected data allowed the evaluation of the temporal values of the instantaneous velocity and of the root mean square velocity fluctuations in few points of the vessel, mainly positioned at the center. Furthermore, the dust cloud formed in these vessels was assumed to be fairly uniform, but this was not demonstrated quantitatively.…”

Section: C 2013 American Institute Of Chemical Engineersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model results in terms of temporal profile of pressure inside the sphere are compared to experimental data available in the literature 14,19 . The comparison shows a very good agreement.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFD simulations of turbulent fluid flow and dust dispersion in the 20 liter explosion vessel

et al. 2013

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A CFD model was developed with the aim at simulating the turbulent flow field induced by dust feeding and dispersion within the 20 L bomb, and the associated effects on the distribution of dust concentration. The model was validated considering a set of data (pressure time histories and root mean square velocity) available in the literature. The time sequences of velocity vector and kinetic energy maps have shown that multiple turbulent vortex structures are established within the sphere. These vortices generate dead volumes for the dust which is pushed toward the walls of the sphere. The obtained results are relevant to the practice of dust explosion testing and the interpretation of test results and, then, they should be taken as reference to improve the conditions for standard tests. �� 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers

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Section: Equationsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: C 2013 American Institute Of Chemical Engineersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: C 2013 American Institute Of Chemical Engineersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFD simulations of turbulent fluid flow and dust dispersion in the 20 liter explosion vessel

et al. 2013

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“…It also appear transmission data from the Siwek 20 L chamber were significantly lower than those of PRL and Fike chamber (Kalejaiye et al, 2009). The delay time, representing the degree of the turbulence, is not follow cube root law between 20 liter and 1 m 3 vessel (Dahoe, et al, 2001). Therefore, the turbulence disturbs the measurement of dust explosion seriously.…”

Section: Data Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 88%

Explosion Characteristics of Aluminum Nanopowders

Wu¹,

Ou²,

Hsiao³

et al. 2010

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In 2005, an investigation conducted on three nanoscale attrition millers in Taiwan revealed that all three had undergone metal nanopowder explosions in the past. This research was aimed at determining the relationships between the particle diameter of an aluminum nanopowder and its maximum explosion pressure (P max ), maximum rate of pressure rise ((dP/dt) max ), minimum explosion concentration (MEC), and minimum ignition energy (MIE) by 20 liter apparatus and 1.2-L Hartmann apparatus. The results revealed that 35-nm aluminum powder has a P max of 7.3 bar and deflagaration index (K St ) of 349 bar·m/s, in 100-nm aluminum powder, P max of 12.5 bar and K St of 296 bar·m/s and 40-μm aluminum powder, P max of 5.9 bar and K St of 77 bar·m/s. The value of (dP/dt) max for the 35-nm aluminum powder is 4.5 times that for the 40-μm aluminum powder. The 35-nm, 100-nm, and 40-μm powders have MEC values of 40, 50, and 35 g/m 3 , respectively. The 35-nm and 100-nm powders both have MIEs less than 1 mJ, while the 40-μm powder has an MIE of 59.7 mJ.

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CFD as an approach to understand flammable dust 20 L standard test: Effect of the ignition time on the fluid flow

et al. 2017

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in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com)A computational study based on the Euler-Lagrange approach was developed for the characterization of flammable dusts in the 20 L sphere standard test. The aim of the study was to analyze some parameters that might affect the experimental data (e.g., cold turbulence and particle size). The turbulence of a wheat starch cloud was described with the Detached Eddy Simulation model. Both the pressure of the system and the RMS velocity were compared with the flow patterns established with a particle image velocimetry analysis. It was concluded that the rebound nozzle forms a cloud that is composed by clumps. This fact implies dissimilarities between the local concentrations and the nominal value. Finally, a granulometric analysis established that the mean diameter of the particle size distribution (PSD) decreased by 69% during the dispersion. Thus, it is suggested to consider the PSD at the ignition zone rather than the PSD of the sample. V C 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 42-54, 2018

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On the transient flow in the 20-liter explosion sphere

Cited by 56 publications

References 5 publications

CFD simulations of turbulent fluid flow and dust dispersion in the 20 liter explosion vessel

CFD simulations of turbulent fluid flow and dust dispersion in the 20 liter explosion vessel

Explosion Characteristics of Aluminum Nanopowders

CFD as an approach to understand flammable dust 20 L standard test: Effect of the ignition time on the fluid flow

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