On the Uncertain Future of the Volumetric 3D Display Paradigm

Abstract

Volumetric displays permit electronically processed images to be depicted within a transparent physical volume and enable a range of cues to depth to be inherently associated with image content. Further, images can be viewed directly by multiple simultaneous observers who are able to change vantage positions in a natural way. On the basis of research to date, we assume that the technologies needed to implement useful volumetric displays able to support translucent image formation are available and so primarily focus on other issues that have impeded the broad commercialization and application of this display paradigm. This is of particular relevance given the recent resurgence of interest in developing commercially viable, general purpose, volumetric systems. We particularly consider image and display characteristics, usability issues and identify several advantageous attributes that need to be exploited in order to effectively capitalize on this display modality.

Ultrafast Response Organic Photoswitch Materials and Their Application in Volumetric 3D Display

“…In static volumetric 3D systems, display mediums are required to represent true 3D images, and the properties of the materials are the key factors affecting the image quality and refresh frequency. , The commonly used materials are two-frequency two-step upconversion (TSTF-UC) materials, , gas materials, liquid-crystal (LC) materials, , and so on. However, these materials face their own challenges in commercial applications: First, the main limitation of TSTF-UC materials in volumetric 3D displays is their small size, typically only a few dozen cubic centimeters.…”

Fabrication and Testing of Miniature Automatic Photophoretic Trapping Rigs

“…It operates by trapping a particle through photopheresis and illuminating the particle 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 . Then, dragging that particle through space forms an image in the air that the viewer perceives as continuous per the persistence of vision 5 . This screenless 3D technology allows it to display geometries such as long-throw projections, tall sand tables, and wrap-around displays 1 .…”

Ultrathin wide-angle large-area digital 3D holographic display using a non-periodic photon sieve

“…Unlike 2D image-based stereoscopic displays, which reportedly cause headache, eyestrain, visual discomfort, and fatigue to users given vergence–accommodation conflicts 1 , holographic displays are comfortable for the user and provide realistic 3D scenes with full motion parallax and continuous depth cues 2 – 4 . Commonly used approaches for 3D visualization are volumetric displays, which have components distributed in a volume to scatter light in every direction and thus create realistic 3D scenes 5 , 6 . However, the required volume for such displays makes them cumbersome and thus limits their applicability.…”