On the use of various filter substrates for quantitative particulate analysis by X-Ray diffraction

Davis, Briant L.; Johnson, L. Ronald

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(82)90443-7

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Davis and Johnson (1982) examined a number of filter types, and found that the quality of the results from X-ray diffraction were dependent on background scatter and on particle loading. One, for example, is the analysis of samples by quantitative X-ray diffraction, an important tool for the determination of many crystalline substances, including -importantly -crystalline silica (quartz).…”

Section: Choices and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pumps and Paraphernalia

2007

Aerosol Sampling

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Section: Choices and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pumps and Paraphernalia

2007

Aerosol Sampling

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“…A review of silica procedures by Anderson (1975) has covered the earlier literature. Newer papers include Donovan et al (1972), Allen et al (1974), Altree- Williams (1977), Altree- , Bumsted (1973), Davis and Johnson (1982a and b), Henslee and Guerra (1977), Machacek (19__), Malik and Viswanathan (19__), and Tossavainen (1979).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some allow the addition of an internal standard by co-dispersing the phases before depositing on the filter. The methods include reports by Murray and Merkl (19__), Malik and Viswanathan (19__), Clayton Environmental Consultants (19__), Bumsted et al (19__), and Davis and Johnson (1982a and b). Other methods are reported in papers by Schliephake (1963), Schmelzer (1951Schmelzer ( , 1955, Plowman (1978), O'Connor andJoklevic (1981) and Kudo (1982).…”

Section: U S Bureau Of Mines Irmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the detectability and quantification of respirable crystalline silica by X-ray powder diffraction methods

Smith

1997

Powder Diffr.

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X-ray powder diffraction is one of the most sensitive methods for the analysis of crystalline forms of silica. In addition to detection and quantification, it can determine the specific crystalline species in the sample. The principal limitations of the method depend on the effective volume of the sample in the X-ray beam and the number of crystallites in the proper orientation to diffract. Detection limits are usually reported as 2 μg in thin-film filter mounts and 0.1% in bulk samples that are free of interference from associated minerals. Filter methods are most often used for air quality monitoring and several standardized procedures have been certified. Standard procedures for bulk samples are difficult to certify because of the variability of the matrices and their potential interferences. All of the methods of quantification require calibration with known samples of quartz or cristobalite. Certification of standard samples involves characterization of the particle and crystallite size and size distribution and amorphous content as well as determining the X-ray diffraction response. Although quartz is readily available and cristobalite is easy to synthesize, preparation of quantities of sufficient uniformity and stability is a limiting factor in certifying such samples for reasonable costs. Conventional diffraction equipment can be used for crystalline silica analysis at the present detection limits required by safety standards. Relatively simple modifications of the diffractometer will increase its sensitivity to small amounts of silica and improve the lower limits of quantification.

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“…The characterisation and quantification of these types of compounds have been discussed in a number of research works (Davis et al, 1981(Davis et al, , 1982(Davis et al, , 1984(Davis et al, , 2000O'Connor and Jaklevic, 1981;Sturges et al, 1989;Boix et al, 1994;Havlicek et al, 2000). Most of them deal with the phase composition of possible sources and try to determine the percentage of these sources in the samples of the collected aerosol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evolution, Sources and Distribution of Mineral Particles and Amorphous Phase of Atmospheric Aerosol in An Industrial and Mediterranean Coastal Area

Gómez

Sanfeliu

Rius

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The aim of this work is to propose a methodology that helps to learn about the distribution of different types of solid compounds in atmospheric aerosol, collected in an industrial area located in a Mediterranean basin that produces mineral raw materials. The work is developed from TSP samples collected daily in an open area near a ceramic production facility with a High Volume TSP sampler. The sampler permits the collection of sufficient daily quantities of particulate sample for subsequent X-ray diffraction characterisation and quantification. The results have shown that atmospheric aerosol in the area are dominated by particles coming from combustion processes, mainly vehicular traffic, and dust emissions originating when raw materials are transferred and treated. Combustion particles present a seasonal evolution. Mineral particles are mainly dependent upon weekly industrial activity and their contents suffer high increases during periods of atmospheric particle accumulation which are produced when certain meteorological conditions exist. Data have also shown an approximation of the particle distribution in aerosol from different source origins (vehicular traffic, dust emissions, secondary formation, marine aerosols). During days with intermediate pollution levels (which suppose 60% of the total) combustion particles compromise around 55 to 60% of the TSP while mineral particles coming from industrial dust emissions make up 20% of the TSP. In time intervals of atmospheric particulate accumulation these particle levels in the air can reach the legislated guideline values. During these episodes, mineral contents coming mainly from dust emissions compromise more than the 50% of the aerosol.

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On the use of various filter substrates for quantitative particulate analysis by X-Ray diffraction

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

Pumps and Paraphernalia

Pumps and Paraphernalia

Evaluation of the detectability and quantification of respirable crystalline silica by X-ray powder diffraction methods

Evolution, Sources and Distribution of Mineral Particles and Amorphous Phase of Atmospheric Aerosol in An Industrial and Mediterranean Coastal Area

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