On the violation of causal, emotional, and locative inferences: An event-related potentials study

Rodríguez-Gómez, Pablo; Sánchez-Carmona, Alberto J.; Smith, Cybelle; Pozo, Miguel A.; Hinojosa, José Antonio; Moreno, Eva M.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.032

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such findings are compatible with models in which real-world knowledge is represented in comprehenders' situation models (Zwaan and Radvansky, 1998) and activated automatically (Nieuwland, 2015). Although such knowledge is often encoded in word co-occurrence patterns, plausibility effects appear to reflect a measure of concept coherence beyond the distributional properties of the words themselves (Connell and Keane, 2004), allowing for the dynamic combination of fine-grained situation properties (McRae and Matsuki, 2009;Bicknell, Elman, Hare, McRae and Kutas, 2010) and extending to a variety of real-world inferences (Fincher-Kiefer, 1996;McKoon and Ratcliff, 1986;Rodríguez-Gómez, Sánchez-Carmona, Smith, Pozo, Hinojosa and Moreno, 2016). Current work considers the challenges of linking comprehenders' event knowledge to their recovery of a speaker's intended message (Kuperberg, 2016), understanding how learners acquire such knowledge to deploy during comprehension (Borovsky, 2017), and building computational models to simulate the use of event knowledge and linguistic knowledge (Elman and McRae, 2017;Venhuizen, Crocker and Brouwer, 2019).…”

Section: Real-world Plausibility In Comprehensionsupporting

confidence: 78%

What's new? A comprehension bias in favor of informativity

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Real-world Plausibility In Comprehensionsupporting

confidence: 78%

What's new? A comprehension bias in favor of informativity

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The post-N400 component is a reflection of the cost of prediction error that takes places due to a higher inhibition of the preceding words [66, 67]. This component arises when there is a conflict between the reader’s expectations and the construction of the situation model in more restrained contexts [16, 49, 61, 68, 69]. However, the higher positivity in our experiment was found in less-familiar contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Neural correlates in the time course of inferences: costs and benefits for less-skilled readers at the university level

Urrutia,

Pino,

Troncoso-Seguel

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inferences are an indicator of a greater reading comprehension, as they imply a combination of implicit and explicit information that usually combines a textual representation with background knowledge of the reader. The aim of this study is to explore the costs and benefits of the time course of inferences in university students with reading comprehension difficulties at 3 stages during a narration. The method used was the event-related potential (ERP) technique in order to register the brain activity of 63 teaching program students while they read familiar, less-familiar and neutral stories. Results show a slow negativity potential component with greater negativity in words coming from familiar contexts when compared to less familiar and neutral ones in the first locus; an N400 component and a Post-N400 component in the second locus, reflecting greater negativity in familiar contexts when compared to less-familiar ones; and, lastly, through the use of a lexical decision task, FN400 and N400 components were found in the third locus, especially for pseudowords. These results are interpreted as a preferably bottom-up processing, which is characterized by lexical access difficulties in less-skilled readers.

show abstract

“…In total, each speaker produced thirty such sentences, all conveying backward causality with the connective because. Some of these sentences were taken from previous studies on subjectivity in causality (Canestrelli et al, 2013;Rodríguez-Gómez et al, 2016; and the rest were newly composed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speaking of causality

Hu¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Language users distinguish between different types of causal relations, such as those that can be directly observed from the physical world (referred to as objective causality, e.g., “My daughter had a fight with her best friend, so she cried”), and those that are constructed by people in the mental world (referred to as subjective causality, e.g., “My daughter cried, so maybe she had a fight with her best friend”). Previous research has shown that coherence markers, such as specialized causal connectives (e.g., want ‘because’ and omdat ‘because’ in Dutch), can help people determine the type of causality the speaker intends to express. This dissertation focuses on the role of prosody—variation in pitch, loudness, or timing—in communicating these two different types of causality. The dissertation first investigates the use of prosody in expressing subjective and objective causality using a dialogue task. The results show that there is a trade-off between the use of prosody and the use of specialized causal connectives in expressing those two types of causality. This dissertation then examines the effect of prosodic information on the construction of subjective and objective causality. The results obtained from a discourse completion task indicate that the prosodic features of the English connective so affect listeners’ expectations of causal relations in upcoming discourse. These results provide new insights into how different types of causality are communicated in spoken discourse by showing that not only the lexical information (connectives), but also the prosodic information plays a crucial role.

show abstract

On the violation of causal, emotional, and locative inferences: An event-related potentials study

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

What's new? A comprehension bias in favor of informativity

What's new? A comprehension bias in favor of informativity

Neural correlates in the time course of inferences: costs and benefits for less-skilled readers at the university level

Speaking of causality

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About