On Thermal Performance of Seawater Cooling Towers

Sharqawy, Mostafa H.; Lienhard, John H.; Zubair, Syed M.

doi:10.1115/1.4002159

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For example, surface tension plays a key role in tailoring the nonwettability of membranes in membrane distillation 1 and in optimizing heat and mass transfer in packed beds and falling film evaporators for humidification-dehumidification desalination systems 2 and multi-effect distillation 3 respectively. It also affects the thermal performance of seawater cooling towers 4 . While there is data on the surface tension of seawater in the oceanographic range of temperature and salinities (0 ≤ t ≤ 40 • C and 0 ≤ S ≤ 40 g/kg) from previous literature [5][6][7] , there is no data in the standard operating range for thermal desalination (40 ≤ t ≤ 100 • C and 40 ≤ S ≤ 120 g/kg).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Tension of Seawater

Nayar

Panchanathan

McKinley

et al. 2014

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data

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New measurements and a reference correlation for the surface tension of seawater at atmospheric pressure are presented in this paper. Surface tension of seawater was Literature data and present measurements were evaluated and a reference correlation was developed expressing surface tension of seawater as a function of temperature and salinity. The average absolute percentage deviation between measurements and the correlation was 0.19% while the maximum deviation was 0.60%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Tension of Seawater

Nayar

Panchanathan

McKinley

et al. 2014

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data

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“…The objective of this paper is to investigate the thermal performance of seawater cooling towers by using the detailed model developed by Sharqawy et al [9] and to conduct experimental runs to validate that model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sharqawy et al [9] investigated the thermal performance of seawater cooling towers using a detailed model of a counter flow wet cooling tower. They considered the coupled heat and mass transfer processes in the study of model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Performance Evaluation of Seawater Cooling Towers

Sharqawy

Husain

Zubair

et al. 2011

Volume 1: Advances in Aerospace Technology; Energy Water Nexus; Globalization of Engineering; Posters

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Seawater has been used for long time as a cooling fluid in heat exchangers to reduce fresh water usage in industry and power plants. The thermophysical properties of seawater are different from those of fresh water due to the salt content or salinity. This difference is sufficient to affect the heat and mass transfer processes which in turn change the thermal performance. Thermal design of fresh water cooling towers is described in detail in many textbooks and handbooks. However, only a rule of thumb is frequently used for designing of seawater cooling towers. This rule recommends degrading the tower performance by approximately 1% for every 10,000 ppm of salts in the feed water. In this paper, the thermal performance of seawater cooling towers is presented using a detailed model of counterflow wet cooling towers which takes into consideration the coupled simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes and uses state-of-the-art seawater properties from the literature. The model governing equations are solved numerically and the validity of this model is checked using new experimental data that has been measured using a bench top counterflow seawater cooling tower. The effect of the variation of seawater salinity as well as other operating conditions on the effectiveness and Merkel number is investigated.

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“…(34), (36), and (37) into Eqs. (31), (32), and (33) together with enthalpy of the cold stream gives the following differential equations (Sharqawy et al, 2010):…”

Section: ε-Ntu Model For Heat and Mass Transfer Exchangersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Effectiveness of Simultaneous Heat and Mass Exchange Devices

Narayan¹,

Mistry²,

Sharqawy³

et al. 2010

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer

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Simultaneous heat and mass exchange devices such as cooling towers, humidifiers and dehumidifiers are widely used in the power generation, desalination, air conditioning, and refrigeration industries. For design and rating of these components it is useful to define their performance by an effectiveness. In this paper, several different effectiveness definitions that have been used in literature are critically reviewed and an energy based effectiveness which can be applied to all types of heat and mass exchangers is defined. The validity and the limitations of the various effectiveness definitions are demonstrated by way of several examples including direct and indirect contact, parallel and counterflow heat and mass exchangers. The limiting case of a simple heat exchanger is also discussed. The importance of thermal balancing in minimizing entropy production and its implications for optimization and design of these devices is dealt with in detail. The application of the energy effectiveness to heat-exchanger-like ε-NTU correlations is also examined using a detailed numerical model.

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On Thermal Performance of Seawater Cooling Towers

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Surface Tension of Seawater

Surface Tension of Seawater

Thermal Performance Evaluation of Seawater Cooling Towers

Energy Effectiveness of Simultaneous Heat and Mass Exchange Devices

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