On two closely related species of Xiphinema americanum-group: X. simile Lamberti, Choleva & Agostinelli, 1983 and X. parasimile Barsi & Lamberti, 2004 (Longidoridae), with a description of the male of X. parasimile

Abstract

Xiphinema simile was associated both with cultivated and naturally growing plants, while X. parasimile was recovered from soil around grapevine. Data on the morphological and biometrical characteristics (including juvenile stages) are presented and variations discussed. Pharyngeal bulbus and glandularium length, vaginal and uterine characteristics were shown to be good diff erentiating characters. Th is report of X. parasimile is a new record for Bulgaria as well as a new plant association for the species. Th e description of its male is provided for the fi rst time. Th e Bulgarian population of X. parasimile showed the same pattern as the Serbian population revealed by the RFLP analyses of D1-D2 region.

Morphological and molecular characterisation, and phylogenetic position of X. browni sp. n., X. penevi sp. n. and two known species of Xiphinema americanum-group (Nematoda, Longidoridae)

“…1.78 -1.82 (1.56–2.04) in females from Bulgaria), different lip region shape (laterally rounded vs not rounded), the different location of dorsal nucleus (DN 9.9–12.9 % vs 13.6–18.6 %), longer bulbus (65–72 vs 55.5–63 μm) (Table 4); different vagina shape (funnel vs bell-like), structure of uteri (ovejector not present vs ovejector and separate uteri present) and length of uterus (36–68 vs 27–46 μm in type population and 27–39 μm in population from Bulgaria (Table 5); shorter tail (av. 29 (26–32) vs 33 (30.3–37.1) in the type population and 30–32 (27–35) in females from Bulgaria, c’=1.8 (1.6–1.9) vs 2.02 (1.79–2.28) in the type population and 2.0 (1.7–2.3) in females from Bulgaria) (Barsi and Lamberti 2004, Lazarova et al 2008);…”

“…Further Xiphinema browni sp. n. differs from Xiphinema simile in the length and structure of uteri (in the new species separate uteri and ovejector present vs separate uteri not present), different tail shape (conoid vs bluntly conoid), and in the shorter bulbus (53–69 vs 76–92 μm) (Lazarova et al 2008) (Table 4). Finally, Xiphinema browni sp.…”

“…69–70 (63–74) in Bulgarian populations and avs. 68–70 (67–72) μm in females from Romania (Barsi and Lamberti 2004, Lazarova et al 2008, Bontă et al 2012);…”

“…68.5–70 (66–72.5) in other Bulgarian populations, 67.5 (65–70) μm in a population from Bosna and Herzegovina, and avs. 67–68 (61–73) μm in females from the Czech Republic (Lamberti et al 1983, Barsi and Lamberti 2004, Kumari 2006, Lazarova et al 2008). However, it should be noted that females from Serbia and Crete (odontostyle 71.5 (66–74) μm and 75–77 μm, respectively) have slightly overlapping values between Xiphinema browni sp.…”

“…Morphometric data and detailed description of Xiphinema parasimile from Bulgaria are reported previously (Lazarova et al 2008). For the Vinogradets population two ribosomal and one mitochondrial DNA sequences were obtained (Table 2).…”