On‐Water and Efficient Ullmann‐Type O‐Arylation Cross Coupling Reaction of Phenols and Aryl Tosylates in the Presence of Fe₃O₄@Starch‐Au as Nanocatalyst

Abstract

Gold complex‐functionalized magnetic core‐shell nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Starch‐Au) were prepared by hydrothermal method and characterized by Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses. The activity of the new synthesized catalyst was employed in cross‐coupling reactions of nontoxic aryl tosylates with phenols to provide the desired diaryl ethers through Ullmann‐type diaryl synthesis. The coupling of several aryltosylates and phenols including aromatic and heterocyclic ones are allowed to perform on water in remarkable yields. This work provides a facile, green, and environmentally friendly method, which is employed to present a precious catalyst that can be recovered six times.

(Hetero)Aryl Fluorosulfates (ArOSO2F): Good Coupling Partners in Transition‐metal‐catalyzed Reactions

“…Aryl fluorosulfates and other pseudohalides such as triflates, [108][109][110][111] tosylates, [112][113][114] and mesylates [115][116][117] are widely used in transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. However, aryl fluorosulfates have numerous advantages as electrophilic coupling partners.…”

Construction and characterization of a magnetic nanoparticle-supported Cu complex: a stable and active nanocatalyst for synthesis of heteroaryl-aryl and di-heteroaryl sulfides

“…[16][17][18][19] In the new century, all eyes turned towards nanotechnology in catalyst science because nanoparticles have valuable properties. [20][21][22] In the last decade, the immobilization of transition metals on nanoparticles to prepare an environmentally friendly, separable and efficient catalyst has been used as a popular catalytic system. [23][24][25] Heterostructure/hybrid catalysts offer a compelling array of advantages, prominently characterized by their ability to amalgamate the distinctive merits of individual components.…”