“On-Water” Catalyst-Free Ecofriendly Synthesis of the Hantzsch Dihydropyridines

Abstract

An eco-friendly “on-water” protocol for efficient catalyst-free synthesis of the Hantzsch dihydropyridines from aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, and vinylogous aldehydes has been developed with minimum auxiliary substances, toxic reagents, organic solvents, and disposal problems.

Magnetically recyclable magnetite–ceria (Nanocat-Fe-Ce) nanocatalyst – applications in multicomponent reactions under benign conditions

“…Although not exactly the same, a related work for the synthesis of dihydropyridines has been described at elevated temperature. 32 Further scope of the reaction for the synthesis of dihydropyridines (Table 2) was investigated using Nanocat-Fe-Ce and ethanol as the solvent. Notably, substrates having electrondonating or withdrawing groups led to the formation of products and the reactions proceeded smoothly in short reaction times with yields in the range of 83-95%.…”

One-pot multicomponent green Hantzsch synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyridine derivatives with antiproliferative activity

“…In addition, further developments were made to the methodology in order to enhance the reaction yield and also to reduce the reaction time. Other recent developments involve reducing the energy and waste that is produced in the reaction for a more environmentally friendly synthesis [13][14][15][16]. The source of nitrogen has also been varied from the classical use of ammonia.…”