Onchocerca volvulus, O. gutturosa, Brugia malayi, and Dirofilaria immitis: A comparative study of the immunochemical properties of cuticular proteins from filarial parasites

Petralanda, Izaskun; Piessens, Willy F.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(91)90134-i

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Chemical inhibition of C-P4H produces cuticle associated defects and a reduction in 4-hydroxyproline levels in cultured B. malayi adults (10), whereas for cultured third stage larvae, the essential C-P4H co-factor ascorbate is necessary for correct molting and development (11). Furthermore, adult B. malayi cuticle collagens contain 7.9% hydroxyproline (40% of prolines are hydroxylated) (12), a level comparable with that found in C. elegans (12% hydroxyproline, 51% of prolines are hydroxylated) (13). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Prolyl 4-Hydroxlase Activity Is Essential for Development and Cuticle Formation in the Human Infective Parasitic Nematode Brugia malayi

Winter

McCormack

Myllyharju

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases (C-P4H) are involved in the formation of extracellular matrices.Results: The full complement of C-P4H enzymes from the human infective parasite Brugia malayi have been bioinformatically, biochemically, and functionally characterized.Conclusion: C-P4H enzymes are essential for development in B. malayi.Significance: Unique features of these essential enzymes may be exploited in future control mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Prolyl 4-Hydroxlase Activity Is Essential for Development and Cuticle Formation in the Human Infective Parasitic Nematode Brugia malayi

Winter

McCormack

Myllyharju

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…15,33 Despite their insoluble nature and localization at the internal matrix of the cuticle, 15 suggesting poor immunogenicity, specific antibodies to these components are found in patients with filariasis. 15,20,21 In this paper, we report that a collagen extract from O. volvulus induces histamine release and that it is more specific than the induction obtained with soluble extracts. Histamine release triggered by collagen extracts in two patients with mansonellosis could be due to the presence of cross-reacting cuticle polypeptides or an Onchocerca infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Previous reports have described biochemical and anti-genic similarities between filarial and vertebrate collagens, 15,20 and the presence of antibodies directed to human collagen type IV but not type I-III in sera from patients infected with O. volvulus. 21 Therefore, to determine whether cross-reactivity between human and parasite collagens was involved in histamine release, several concentrations of type IV collagen were assayed in the OV, F, EN, and NEN groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…15,20,29,33 The main structural component of the cuticle is collagen, which consists of disulfide-linked polypeptides. 15,33 Despite their insoluble nature and localization at the internal matrix of the cuticle, 15 suggesting poor immunogenicity, specific antibodies to these components are found in patients with filariasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these cross-reacting determinants are not identified by sera from patients infected with O. volvulus. 20 This suggests that ␣-human collagen autoantibodies in onchocerciasis are generated by exposing neo-epitopes following enzymatic degradation of human collagens by the parasite, and not by molecular mimicry. Our data show that human collagen type IV does not release histamine in the OV group; the possibility of induction of histamine release by degraded collagen was not tested in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction of histamine release in parasitized individuals by somatic and cuticular antigens from Onchocerca volvulus.

González‐Muñoz

Gárate²,

Puente³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The host immune response in onchocerciasis is believed to contribute to the clinical manifestations of infection. Mazzotti and chronic inflammatory reactions might be mediated by mechanisms involving specific IgE and reactivity of mast cells and basophils to the parasite antigens. In this report, we show that Onchocerca volvulus antigens are capable of inducing histamine release. Three types of extracts were prepared from the parasite: soluble total, surface, and cuticular collagen. Soluble extracts released histamine in all individuals with onchocerciasis at significantly higher levels (P Ͻ 0.05) than those found in endemic controls, but similar levels to those found in patients with mansonellosis. However, cuticular collagen induced significantly (P Ͻ 0.01) higher histamine release in patients with onchocerciasis than in those with mansonellosis. No reactivity against human type IV collagen was observed. Implications derived from the presence of sensitized basophils in the pathogenesis of onchocerciasis are discussed.Onchocerciasis is an endemic disease in several areas of Africa and Latin America. The main clinical manifestations are related to the presence of microfilariae inducing a chronic inflammatory response in tissues, particularly in the skin and eyes. It is believed that the host immune response contributes to the pathologic consequences of infection. The cellular immune response in patients with generalized microfiladermia is characterized by minimal proliferation to onchocercal antigens; however, healthy individuals from some endemic areas show higher proliferation rates.1-3 Nonspecific suppression of streptococcal antigen-induced lymphocyte reactivity has also been reported both in patients and healthy individuals from endemic areas. 2 This suppression is agerelated, being higher in older patients. The underlying mechanism of this down-regulation of cell-mediated immunity is not clearly understood, but in some patients, exogenous interleukin-2 restored reactivity to parasite antigen.3 The humoral immune response is characterized by the presence of specific antibodies to multiple parasite antigens. 4 Many people with onchocerciasis show high levels of serum IgE. 5 Even though most of the IgE detected in helminthiasis is nonspecific IgE,6 it is possible that IgE antibody could be involved in acute inflammatory complications of Onchocerca volvulus infection. Some infected individuals show severe local dermatitis with few microfilariae (sowda) and significantly higher IgE titers than patients with generalized onchocerciasis. 7 In lymphatic filariasis, it has been demonstrated that despite the presence of basophils and mast cells sensitized with antiparasite IgE, the allergic reactivity is controlled by blocking antibodies. 8 An interesting model of onchocercal pathogenesis is provided by animal onchocercal ocular disease, in which intracorneal injection of microfilariae in sensitized animals induces local pathology and specific IgE production.9 These reports support the hypothesis that IgE-m...

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Enzymology of the nematode cuticle: A potential drug target?

Page

Stepek

Winter

et al. 2014

International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistan

102

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Onchocerca volvulus, O. gutturosa, Brugia malayi, and Dirofilaria immitis: A comparative study of the immunochemical properties of cuticular proteins from filarial parasites

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Prolyl 4-Hydroxlase Activity Is Essential for Development and Cuticle Formation in the Human Infective Parasitic Nematode Brugia malayi

Prolyl 4-Hydroxlase Activity Is Essential for Development and Cuticle Formation in the Human Infective Parasitic Nematode Brugia malayi

Induction of histamine release in parasitized individuals by somatic and cuticular antigens from Onchocerca volvulus.

Enzymology of the nematode cuticle: A potential drug target?

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