Oncobiology and treatment of breast cancer in young women

Kumar, Rakesh; Abreu, Catarina; Toi, Masakazu; Saini, Sunil; Casimiro, Sandra; Arora, Anshika; Paul, Aswathy Mary; Velaga, Ravi; Rameshwar, Pranela; Lipton, Allan; Gupta, Sudeep; Costa, Luís

doi:10.1007/s10555-022-10034-6

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…While breast cancer (BC) is commonly associated with older women, it's crucial not to overlook that breast cancer can also strike young or very young women. The benefits of breast cancer advances have not fully percolated to young women with breast cancer, which has been steadily rising globally [ [1] , [2] , [3] ]. There is no universally agreed-upon age cut-off for young women with breast cancer.…”

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breast cancer at an early phase in a woman's life presents numerous unique personal, social, and medical challenges, the majority of which do not apply to women who develop breast cancer at a later age [ [1] , [2] , [3] ]. The outcome, curability, and prognosis of BCYW are worse, with a higher incidence of recurrence than breast cancer in older patients.…”

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outcome, curability, and prognosis of BCYW are worse, with a higher incidence of recurrence than breast cancer in older patients. This is partly due to the detection of BCYW in the late stages of the disease when it has already transitioned into more aggressive behaviors [ [1] , [2] , [3] ]. Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates, as well as diagnostic delays, vary significantly across developed, developing, and underdeveloped nations.…”

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic delays in breast cancer among young women: An emphasis on healthcare providers

Costa,

Kumar,

Villarreal-Garza

et al. 2024

The Breast

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Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic delays in breast cancer among young women: An emphasis on healthcare providers

Costa,

Kumar,

Villarreal-Garza

et al. 2024

The Breast

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“…As a result, YBC has aroused growing attention in recent years. Previous research has indicated that as compared to older individuals, young people with breast cancer had more advanced stages, more aggressive tumor subtypes (such as triple-negative), worse outcomes, and a greater recurrence rate ( 9 , 10 , 13 - 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nomogram for predicting overall survival of breast cancer with regional lymph node metastasis in young women

Sun,

Huang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Transl Cancer Res

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Background Young breast cancer (YBC) patients demonstrate a heightened propensity for regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) in contrast to cohorts across varying age demographics. The aim of our study was to identify clinicopathologic prognostic variables in YBC patients with RLNM and construct a practical and reliable nomogram for the prediction of overall survival (OS) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methods Young individuals (≤40 years) with a diagnosis of breast cancer with RLNM were recognized from the SEER database between 2010 and 2015, and further randomly split into two cohorts: the training set (n=4,497) and the validation set (n=1,927). We first performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to confirm independent survival predictors of OS. A novel prognostic nomogram was developed and evaluated using Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). To make a clear distinction between high- and low-risk patients in terms of patient survival, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were assessed using the log-rank test. Results Nine risk factors were found as independent prognostic variables in predicting OS, including race, grade, histology, surgery, radiation, molecular subtype, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage 7 th edition, T stage, and N stage. The C-index values of our nomogram were 0.786 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.767–0.805] and 0.791 (95% CI: 0.760–0.822) in our training and validation groups, respectively. The ROC curves demonstrated sufficient discriminating ability, while the predicted and real survival rates were fairly consistent, as shown by the calibration plots. The prediction model had a higher net benefit and acceptable clinical value, as shown by the DCA curves. Conclusions In YBC patients with RLNM, we successfully established a unique nomogram to forecast the 2-, 3-, and 5-year OS. Clinicians may utilize this nomogram to pinpoint patients at higher risk and provide them with appropriate customized therapies.

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“…Breast cancer (BC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with an approximately 8–12% estimated lifetime risk [ 1 ]. Although the BC-associated mortality rate has reduced in several countries, this gain has not proportionately benefited young women with BC in many parts of the world [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The operational definition of BC in young women (BCYW) is generally flexible because it has been applied to BC in women aged <35, <40, or <50 years or even to BC in premenopausal women [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineation of Pathogenomic Insights of Breast Cancer in Young Women

Paul

George

Saini

et al. 2022

Cells

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The prognosis of breast cancer (BC) in young women (BCYW) aged ≤40 years tends to be poorer than that in older patients due to aggressive phenotypes, late diagnosis, distinct biologic, and poorly understood genomic features of BCYW. Considering the estimated predisposition of only approximately 15% of the BC population to BC-promoting genes, the underlying reasons for an increased occurrence of BCYW, at large, cannot be completely explained based on general risk factors for BC. This underscores the need for the development of next-generation of tissue- and body fluid-based prognostic and predictive biomarkers for BCYW. Here, we identified the genes associated with BCYW with a particular focus on the age, intrinsic BC subtypes, matched normal or normal breast tissues, and BC laterality. In young women with BC, we observed dysregulation of age-associated cancer-relevant gene sets in both cancer and normal breast tissues, sub-sets of which substantially affected the overall survival (OS) or relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with BC and exhibited statically significant correlations with several gene modules associated with cellular processes such as the stroma, immune responses, mitotic progression, early response, and steroid responses. For example, high expression of COL1A2, COL5A2, COL5A1, NPY1R, and KIAA1644 mRNAs in the BC and normal breast tissues from young women correlated with a substantial reduction in the OS and RFS of BC patients with increased levels of these exemplified genes. Many of the genes upregulated in BCYW were overexpressed or underexpressed in normal breast tissues, which might provide clues regarding the potential involvement of such genes in the development of BC later in life. Many of BCYW-associated gene products were also found in the extracellular microvesicles/exosomes secreted from breast and other cancer cell-types as well as in body fluids such as urine, saliva, breast milk, and plasma, raising the possibility of using such approaches in the development of non-invasive, predictive and prognostic biomarkers. In conclusion, the findings of this study delineated the pathogenomics of BCYW, providing clues for future exploration of the potential predictive and prognostic importance of candidate BCYW molecules and research strategies as well as a rationale to undertake a prospective clinical study to examine some of testable hypotheses presented here. In addition, the results presented here provide a framework to bring out the importance of geographical disparities, to overcome the current bottlenecks in BCYW, and to make the next quantum leap for sporadic BCYW research and treatment.

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Oncobiology and treatment of breast cancer in young women

Cited by 22 publications

References 163 publications

Diagnostic delays in breast cancer among young women: An emphasis on healthcare providers

Diagnostic delays in breast cancer among young women: An emphasis on healthcare providers

A nomogram for predicting overall survival of breast cancer with regional lymph node metastasis in young women

Delineation of Pathogenomic Insights of Breast Cancer in Young Women

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