Oncogenic effects of exosomes in γ‐herpesvirus‐associated neoplasms

Zheng, Jianghua; Shi, Yiwan; Feng, Zhenyu; Zheng, Yilu; Li, Zhanhao; Zhao, Yi; Wang, Yan

doi:10.1002/jcp.28573

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Indeed, EVs display a multifaceted role in viral infections, contributing in first place to viral replication, dissemination, and immune evasion modulating the host immune system activation. Furthermore, EVs may block (Ipinmoroti and Matthews, 2020) or otherwise trigger the antiviral response, exacerbating the damage and causing several detrimental effects, such as oncogenesis (Zheng et al, 2019), inflammation (Sadri Nahand et al, 2020) or autoimmune responses (Gunasekaran et al, 2020). Several viruses exploit intracellular membrane rearrangements, creating peculiar double-membrane structures known as "replicative organelles", to complete their replication facilitating new virions formation and budding from the host cell (Wolff et al, 2020).…”

Section: Evs and Viral Infections: A Multifaceted Interplaymentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicles: An intricate interplay in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment

Sbarigia

Vardanyan

Buccini

et al. 2022

Front. Nanotechnol.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely recognized as intercellular communication mediators. Among the different biological processes, EVs play a role in viral infections, supporting virus entrance and spread into host cells and immune response evasion. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection became an urgent public health issue with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, being responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. Since EVs are implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a morphological and functional level, they have gained growing interest for a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and represent possible diagnostic tools to track the disease progression. Furthermore, thanks to their biocompatibility and efficient immune activation, the use of EVs may also represent a promising strategy for the development of new therapeutic strategies against COVID-19. In this review, we explore the role of EVs in viral infections with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathogenesis, considering recent morphometric studies. The common biogenesis aspects and structural similarities between EVs and SARS-CoV-2 will be examined, offering a panoramic of their multifaceted interplay and presenting EVs as a machinery supporting the viral cycle. On the other hand, EVs may be exploited as early diagnostic biomarkers and efficient carriers for drug delivery and vaccination, and ongoing studies will be reviewed to highlight EVs as potential alternative therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Evs and Viral Infections: A Multifaceted Interplaymentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicles: An intricate interplay in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment

Sbarigia

Vardanyan

Buccini

et al. 2022

Front. Nanotechnol.

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“…In this regard, exosomes are one of the favorite tools of gamma herpes viruses. Using them can manipulate the tumor microenvironment through three processes: regulation of downstream signaling pathways, lack of recognition by the immune system, and transformation of cells [ 158 ]. Some studies have reported that these viruses have significant impacts on the content of exosomes and their cargo and that these alterations have the potential to spread viral infection, metabolism, translation, migration, and chromatin modeling and enhance tumorigenesis [ 159 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Exosomes In Human Oncogenic Viruses-associated C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small extracellular vesicles as key players in cancer development caused by human oncogenic viruses

Mahmoudvand

Shokri

Nakhaie

et al. 2022

Infect Agents Cancer

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Background Exosomes are the smallest group of extracellular vesicles in size from 30 to 150 nm, surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane, and originate from multivesicular bodies secreted by different types of cells, such as virus-infected cells. The critical role of exosomes is information transfer among cells, representing a unique way for intercellular communication via a load of many kinds of molecules, including various signaling proteins and nucleic acids. In this review, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the role of exosomes in promoting human oncogenic viruses-associated cancers. Methods Our search was conducted for published researches between 2000 and 2022 by using several international databases includeing Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science as well as Google scholar. We also reviewed additional evidence from relevant published articles. Results It has been shown that exosomes can create the conditions for viral spread in viral infections. Exosome secretion in a human tumor virus can switch on the cell signaling pathways by transferring exosome-encapsulated molecules, including viral oncoproteins, signal transduction molecules, and virus-encoded miRNAs, into various cells. Conclusion Given the role of exosomes in viruses-associated cancers, they can also be considered as molecular targets in diagnosis and treatment.

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“…Oncogenig effect gamma-herpes virus (Zheng et al, 2019), human papillomavirus (Honegger et al, 2015;Ambrosio et al, 2019;Chiantore et al, 2020), HIV (Sharma, 2019), MVP (Teng et al, 2017) Accumulation of beta amyloid plaques HIV (Fulop et al, 2019). Trigger inflammation human papillomavirus (Sadri Nahand et al, 2019) Contribute to tissue fybrosis HCV (Kim et al, 2019).…”

Section: Mechanism Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EVs secreted during the course of a viral infection can have effects in many parts of the body, triggering secondary diseases (Table 1). For example, gamma-herpes virus can induce an oncogenic effect (Zheng et al, 2019), among several others. There is also evidence that EVs contribute to the beta-amyloid plaque accumulation that occurs in the brain of HIV patients, probably contributing to cognitive decline (Fulop et al, 2019).…”

Section: Evs Secreted During Viral Infections Can Cause Secondary Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

Martins

Alves

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Extracellular vesicles are small membrane structures containing proteins and nucleic acids that are gaining a lot of attention lately. They are produced by most cells and can be detected in several body fluids, having a huge potential in therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. EVs produced by infected cells usually have a molecular signature that is very distinct from healthy cells. For intracellular pathogens like viruses, EVs can have an even more complex function, since the viral biogenesis pathway can overlap with EV pathways in several ways, generating a continuum of particles, like naked virions, EVs containing infective viral genomes and quasi-enveloped viruses, besides the classical complete viral particles that are secreted to the extracellular space. Those particles can act in recipient cells in different ways. Besides being directly infective, they also can prime neighbor cells rendering them more susceptible to infection, block antiviral responses and deliver isolated viral molecules. On the other hand, they can trigger antiviral responses and cytokine secretion even in uninfected cells near the infection site, helping to fight the infection and protect other cells from the virus. This protective response can also backfire, when a massive inflammation facilitated by those EVs can be responsible for bad clinical outcomes. EVs can help or harm the antiviral response, and sometimes both mechanisms are observed in infections by the same virus. Since those pathways are intrinsically interlinked, understand the role of EVs during viral infections is crucial to comprehend viral mechanisms and respond better to emerging viral diseases.

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Oncogenic effects of exosomes in γ‐herpesvirus‐associated neoplasms

Cited by 14 publications

References 104 publications

SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicles: An intricate interplay in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment

SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicles: An intricate interplay in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment

Small extracellular vesicles as key players in cancer development caused by human oncogenic viruses

Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

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