One-day Observations of Snowdrifts Around a Model Cube.

Oikawa, Susumu; Tomabechi, Tsukasa; Ishihara, Takeshi

doi:10.4106/jsse.15.4_283

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To validate the similarity criterion, snowdrift around a surface-mounted cubic model, employed in detailed field measurements carried out by Oikawa et al [18] in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, was adopted as the analyzed prototype. The snowdrift was observed for only one day by cleaning up the snow around the model following each drifting snow event.…”

Section: Similarity Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prototype snowstorm duration was assumed to be 24 h according to the observation duration [18]; whereas, the experimental snowstorm duration was set to approximately 8 h according to the definition for the dimensionless time used by Delpech [12]. As the experiment would have been excessively lengthy, the test was divided into four stages to allow the fan to rest and refill the snow particles into the feeder.…”

Section: Similarity Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This study provides a simplified method that can be applied to help preliminarily estimate the snow load on a complex roof by combining the snow loads on several simple roofs, which have been provided in the load code or obtained by numerical studies.Abstract: A considerable number of studies have been carried out for predicting snowdrifts on roofs over the years. However, few studies have focused on snowdrifts on complex long-span roofs, as the complex shape and fine structure pose significant challenges. In this study, to simplify the calculation requirements of snow load on such roofs, work was conducted to decompose the snowdrift on a complex roof into snowdrifts on several simple roofs. First, the snow-wind tunnel test similarity criteria were investigated based on a combined air-snow-wind experimental system. Thereafter, with reference to the validated experimental similarity criteria, a series of snow-wind tunnel tests were performed for snowdrifts on a complex long-span structure under the conditions of different inflow directions. Finally, based on empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, the snowdrifts on the complex roof were decomposed into basic characteristic distribution modes, including snowdrifts caused by the local and overall roof forms. The snow distribution under a specific inflow direction could be derived from the weighted combination of the basic characteristic modes, based on the wind direction coefficients. Therefore, it is possible for the snow load on a complex roof to be estimated preliminarily based on the snow distributions on several simple roofs.

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Section: Similarity Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Similarity Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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“…e experimental model was similar to that developed by Oikawa et al [17] in Hokkaido University of Technology, Japan. e model used a cube with side length 1 m and experimental geometric scale ratio of 1/10.…”

Section: Model and Parameter Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Tunnel Tests of Wind‐Induced Snow Distribution for Cubes with Holes

Jiang

Yin

Cui

2019

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The nonuniform distribution of snow around structures with holes is extremely unfavorable for structural safety, and the mechanism of wind-snow interaction between adjacent structures with holes needs to be explored. Therefore, a wind tunnel simulation was performed, in which quartz particles with an average particle size of 0.14 mm as snow particles were used, and cubes with dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm each containing a hole with the size of 20 mm × 20 mm were employed as structures. Firstly, the quality of a small low-speed wind tunnel flow field was tested, and then the effects of hole orientation (hole located on the windward side, leeward side, and other vertical sides) and absence of holes on the surface of a single cube were studied. Furthermore, the effects of different hole locations (respectant position, opposite position, and dislocation) and relative spacing (50 mm, 100 mm, and 150 mm) on the surfaces of two cubes and the snow distribution around them were investigated. It was concluded that the presence and location of hole had a great influence on snow distribution around cubes. Snow distribution was favorable when hole was located on the other vertical sides of the test specimen. The most unfavorable snow distribution was obtained when the holes on the two-holed sides of the cubes were respectant with a maximum snow depth coefficient of 1.4. A significant difference was observed in the snow depths of two sides of cubes when holes were dislocated. When two holes were respectant, surrounding snow depth was decreased, and the maximum snow depth on model surface area was increased with the increase of spacing. Wind tunnel tests on holed cubes provided a reference for the prediction of snow load distribution of typical structures with holes.

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“…The height of saltation is usually below 0.1 m. Generally, the length of saltation L [27] is suggested to be 10 h L ≅…”

Section: Brief Introduction Of the Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the Snowdrift in Cold Regions: Introduction and Evaluation of a New Approach

et al. 2019

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Unbalanced, or non-uniform, snow loads caused by snow drifting or sliding in cold regions with heavy snowfalls, can be a serious problem for the building industry. However, the methods for predicting snow distribution still need to be improved. Field observation is the most direct and reliable method to study snow distribution, but because the natural environment is uncontrollable and varies dramatically, sometimes conclusions may be confused under the influence of the many variables in the investigation. This paper proposes a snowing experiment approach using an outdoor snow–wind combined experiment facility for the study of snow distribution. The facility can produce a stable and controllable wind field and snowfall environment. Experiments which focused on snowdrift around a building were conducted during the winter to make an evaluation of the repeatability and reliability of the new approach. Finally, from the analysis of results, it was demonstrated that the experimental facility was stable and that the similarity criterion adopted for the snowing pattern was reliable. Especially, the minimum value of the friction speed ratio was suggested to ensure the test accuracy.

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One-day Observations of Snowdrifts Around a Model Cube.

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Wind Tunnel Tests of Wind‐Induced Snow Distribution for Cubes with Holes

Modeling of the Snowdrift in Cold Regions: Introduction and Evaluation of a New Approach

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