Researchers are constantly trying to exploit the unique
advantages of metal–organic framework (MOF) precursors to develop
new composite absorbing materials. Although many magnetic absorbers
based on precursor metal central ions have been constructed, there
are relatively few reports on the introduction of magnetic components
through external aids to enhance the magnetic properties of materials.
In this work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are used for
composites with MOF-74 containing Mg2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, and Cu2+ to construct
magnetic particle precursors, which were carbonized to form stable
magnetic carbon materials. With the assistance of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, MOF-74 containing different metal central
ions was fabricated with different hierarchical pore structures. The
comparative analysis and systematic electromagnetic parameter study
show that the composite particles possess an excellent interface polarization
ability and electromagnetic wave absorption performance due to their
specific morphology, reasonable composition, and the strengthening
effect of magnetic particles. The minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of Fe3O4@Ni-C reaches −59.4
dB@9.9 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of Fe3O4@Co-C reaches 6.8 GHz@3.1 mm. This work provides
an idea for the design and preparation of magnetic composite carbon
absorbers.