One-dimensional plate impact experiments on the cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) based explosive EDC32

Abstract

Eight one-dimensional plate impact experiments have been performed to study both the Shock to Detonation Transition and Hugoniot state in the cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) based explosive EDC32. The experiments covered shock pressures ranging from 0.59 to 7.5 GPa with sustained shocks, double shocks, and short pulse shocks. Experiments were instrumented with embedded magnetic particle velocity gauges. Results include; (1) wave profiles of particle velocity vs. time vs. depth in the explosive, (2) time-distance coordinates for onset of detonation vs. initial shock pressure (aka the Pop-plot), (3) a reactants Hugoniot, and (4) measurement of the Hugoniot Elastic Limit of 0.22.GPa.

The Strength of Two HMX Based Plastic Bonded Explosives During One Dimensional Shock Loading

“…However, this has not been observed in HMX based PBXs such as EDC32 [14], EDC37 6 [12] and PBX 9501 [31] or the triamino-trinitrobenzene based material PBX9502 [32]. A number of possible explanations occur, including very high explosive loading (EDC37 -91 wt%, PBX9501 and PBX9502 -both 95 wt%) compared to the RDX based materials discussed above -88wt% [13] or similarities in the acoustic and shock response of the explosive crystals and organic binder as in EDC32 [14], even though the explosive loading is lower (85 wt%). Beyond this, little attention has been given to the mechanical response of this class of material to shock loading.…”

“…As a consequence, whilst a body of work has been performed to probe their mechanical response at quasistatic and intermediate strain-rates (see references [8][9][10]) and under conditions of Taylor impact [11], equivalent studies under one-dimensional shock loading is much less prevalent. The inert response (in terms of particle velocity -u p and shock velocity -U S ) has been studied either as part of a wider study on the equation of state [12][13][14][15], or in terms of their purely inert response [16,17]. However, reports on the mechanical properties themselves (for example Hugoniot Elastic Limit -HEL, spall strength or shear strength) are extremely scarce.…”

“…Dick [19] managed to observe the yield under one dimensional strain in PBX9501 (HMX based) at a stress of ca. 145 MPa, whilst Burns et al [14] determined the HEL in EDC32 at a level of 220 MPa. A feature of many materials concerns the relationship between the imposed shock stress (σ) and the strain-rate in the shock front (  ).…”

Development of a flyer design to perform plate impact shock-release-shock experiments on explosives

“…Shock loading histories other than a sustained pulse are closer to realistic accident scenarios, and can have differing effects on the sensitivity of an explosive [2,3]. Furthermore, since these loading histories have features (releases, reshocks, etc.)…”

Shock induced shear strength in an HMX based plastic bonded explosive

“…The shock response of energetic materials has been of considerable interest for a number of decades, but in the main has concentrated on the detonation response [1,2]. However, these materials are also structural in nature, but despite this, their mechanical response has largely been over looked.…”