“…A dual network is generally made of the same polymer cross-linked by two different types of bonds, often a covalent and a supramolecular bond, or two types of supramolecular bonds, ,− while IPNs comprise two or more interlaced polymer networks that are not covalently bonded to each other. The latter systems have gained broad interest because they allow a combination of the desired properties of each network (e.g., stimuli responsiveness), and even more, because they may exhibit new properties that are not observed in the component networks alone. − Most notably, IPN hydrogels may show enhanced mechanical properties such as greater toughness, larger extensibility, and improved strength due to synergistic interactions between the component networks that transfer the stress and dissipate mechanical energy upon deformation. ,, Recently, the combination of DCB and supramolecular interactions has been also reported to fabricate responsive IPN hydrogels and elastomers with outstanding mechanical performances. − For example, Konkolewicz et al synthesized a double dynamic IPN elastomer with superior mechanical (increased stress and strain at break, increased malleability, greater toughness) and self-healing properties based on Diels–Alder adduct and hydrogen bonding. Liang et al prepared highly stretchable IPN hydrogels with the properties of actuation, shape memory, and self-healing capability using boronic ester bonds and alginate–Ca 2+ complexation.…”