Photocatalytic water cracking hydrogen (H2) production
is a promising clean energy production technology. Therefore, a ternary
CdS@Nb2O5/Nb2CT
x
(MXene) heterojunction with hierarchical
structure was designed to promote photocatalytic H2 evolution.
When Na2S/Na2SO3 and lactic acid
were used as sacrificial agents, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
rates of the optimized photocatalyst were 1501.7 and 2715.8 μmol
g–1 h–1, with 12.4% and 26.1%
apparent quantum efficiencies (AQE) at 420 nm, respectively. Its HER
performance was 10.9-fold higher than that of pure CdS and remained
87% activity after five rounds of cycle tests. Such an enhancement
stems from the excellent light absorption properties, tight interfacial
contact, fast charge transfer channel, and sufficient active sites.
Mechanism analysis demonstrates that S-scheme and Schottky junction
synchronous regulation boost hierarchical CdS@Nb2O5/Nb2CT
x
for photocatalytic H2 production. This work creates possibilities
for manufacturing Nb-based MXene photocatalysts for converting solar
energy and other applications.