One-pot synthesis of amino acid precursors with insoluble organic matter in planetesimals with aqueous activity

Kebukawa, Yoko; Chan, Queenie H. S.; Tachibana, Shogo; Kobayashi, Kensei; Zolensky, M. E.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602093

Cited by 82 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…; Kebukawa et al. , ; Naraoka et al. ), and C n H 2 n ‐1 N + and C n H 2 n NO + homologues detected by DESI/HRMS (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The organic compounds in carbonaceous chondrites are believed to evolve during aqueous alteration of the parent body (Cody et al 2011;Kebukawa et al 2013Kebukawa et al , 2017Naraoka et al 2017), and C n H 2n-1 N + and C n H 2n NO + homologues detected by DESI/HRMS (Fig. 12) showed an association with matrix grains.…”

Section: Mineralogical Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies suggested that the CHN compounds may have been synthesized and evolved during in situ H 2 generation via the aqueous alteration of meteoritic anhydrous silicates. An experimental simulation also revealed that water-soluble amino acid precursors and chondritic IOM-like materials can be synthesized simultaneously by way of one-pot hydrothermal processing (Cody et al 2011;Kebukawa et al 2013Kebukawa et al , 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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High‐mass resolution molecular imaging of organic compounds on the surface of Murchison meteorite

Hashiguchi

Naraoka

2018

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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High‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) imaging by desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) coupled with Orbitrap MS using methanol (MeOH) spray was performed on a fragment of the Murchison (CM2) meteorite in this study. Homologues of CnH2n–1N2+ (n = 7–9) and CnH2nNO+ (n = 9–14) were detected on the sample surface by the imaging. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/HRMS analysis of MeOH extracts from the sample surface after DESI/HRMS imaging indicated that the CnH2n–1N2+ homologues corresponds to alkylimidazole, and that a few isomers of the CnH2nNO+ homologues present in the sample. The alkylimidazoles and CnH2nNO+ homologues displayed different spatial distributions on the surface of the Murchison fragment, indicating chromatographic separation effects during aqueous alteration. Moreover, the distribution pattern of compounds is also different among homologues. This is probably also resulting from the separation of isomers by similar chromatographic effects, or different synthetic pathways. Alkylimidazoles and the CnH2nNO+ homologues are mainly distributed in the matrix region of the Murchison by mineralogical observations, which is consistent with previous reports. Altered minerals (e.g., Fe‐oxide, Fe‐sulfide, and carbonates) occurred in this region. However, no clear relationship was found between these minerals and the organic compounds detected by DESI/HRMS imaging. Although this result might be due to scale differences between the spatial resolution of DESI/HRMS imaging and the grain size in the matrix of the Murchison, our results would indicate that alkylimidazoles and the CnH2nNO+ homologues in the Murchison fragment were mainly synthesized by different processes from hydrothermal alteration on the parent body.

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“…; Kebukawa et al. , ; Naraoka et al. ), and C n H 2 n ‐1 N + and C n H 2 n NO + homologues detected by DESI/HRMS (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Mineralogical Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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High‐mass resolution molecular imaging of organic compounds on the surface of Murchison meteorite

Hashiguchi

Naraoka

2018

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…) or on asteroids (Kebukawa et al. ; Vinogradoff et al. ) are able to yield a Q‐like signature for noble gases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primordial heavy noble gases in the pristine Paris carbonaceous chondrite

Bekaert

Marrocchi

Meshik

et al. 2018

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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The Paris carbonaceous chondrite represents the most pristine carbonaceous chondrite, providing a unique opportunity to investigate the composition of early solar system materials prior to the onset of significant aqueous alteration. A dual origin (namely from the inner and outer solar system) has been demonstrated for water in the Paris meteorite parent body (Piani et al. 2018 ). Here, we aim to evaluate the contribution of outer solar system (cometary‐like) water ice to the inner solar system water ice using Xe isotopes. We report Ar, Kr, and high‐precision Xe isotopic measurements within bulk CM 2.9 and CM 2.7 fragments, as well as Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe isotope compositions of the insoluble organic matter ( IOM ). Noble gas signatures are similar to chondritic phase Q with no evidence for a cometary‐like Xe component. Small excesses in the heavy Xe isotopes relative to phase Q within bulk samples are attributed to contributions from presolar materials. CM 2.7 fragments have lower Ar/Xe relative to more pristine CM 2.9 fragments, with no systematic difference in Xe contents. We conclude that Kr and Xe were little affected by aqueous alteration, in agreement with (1) minor degrees of alteration and (2) no significant differences in the chemical signature of organic matter in CM 2.7 and CM 2.9 areas (Vinogradoff et al. 2017 ). Xenon contents in the IOM are larger than previously published data of Xe in chondritic IOM , in line with the Xe component in Paris being pristine and preserved from Xe loss during aqueous alteration/thermal metamorphism.

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“…42 Moreover, "formose" is not stable, but inclined to "browning" (asphalt problem), 43 yielding insoluble organic matter (IOM) besides amino acids (when ammonia was added) and other low-molecular compounds by simulated synthesis on carbonaceous chondrites and comets. 44,45 However, addition of borate in the form of artificially prepared mineral colemanite, Ca 2 B 6 O 11 •5H 2 O, stabilizes formose solutions for months. 46 The effect of borate was attributed mostly to the stabilization of pentoses, and to a lesser extent, of glyceraldehyde, the key autocatalytic reactant, keeping it in the enolate form (Fig.…”

Section: Prebiotic Synthesis By Homogeneous Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysis in the Primordial World

Raos

Bermanec²

2017

Kem. Ind.

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Catalysis provides orderly prebiotic synthesis and eventually its evolution into autocatalytic (self-reproduction) systems. Research on homogeneous catalysis is concerned mostly with random peptide synthesis and the chances to produce catalytic peptide oligomers. Synthesis of ribose via formose reaction was found to be catalysed by B(OH) 4 − , presumably released by weathering of borate minerals. Oxide and clay mineral surfaces provide catalytic sites for the synthesis of oligopeptides and oligonucleotides. Chemoautotrophic or iron-sulphur-world theory assumes that the first (pioneer) organisms developed by catalytic processes on (Fe/Ni)S particles formed near/close hydrothermal vents. The review provides an overlay of possible catalytic reactions in prebiotic environment, discussing their selectivity (regioselectivity, stereoselectivity) as well as geological availability of catalytic minerals and geochemical conditions enabling catalytic reactions on early Earth.

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One-pot synthesis of amino acid precursors with insoluble organic matter in planetesimals with aqueous activity

Abstract: Both amino acids and macromolecular organic solids can be synthesized from simple molecules in small solar system bodies.

Cited by 82 publications

References 53 publications

High‐mass resolution molecular imaging of organic compounds on the surface of Murchison meteorite

High‐mass resolution molecular imaging of organic compounds on the surface of Murchison meteorite

Primordial heavy noble gases in the pristine Paris carbonaceous chondrite

Catalysis in the Primordial World

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