One-pot synthesis of benzopyranophenazines using graphene oxide dichlorotriazine (GO-DCT) under microwave irradiations

Abstract

An e cient synthesis of benzopyranophenazines is presented by one-pot fourcomponent reaction of hydroxynaphthoquinone, o-phenylenediamine, benzaldehydes, and malononitrile with graphene oxide dichlorotriazine (GO-DCT) as an e cient nanocatalyst under microwave irradiation in ethanol. The catalyst was characterized by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray powder Di raction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Atom economy, experimental simplicity, wide range of products, low amount of catalyst loading, reusability of the catalyst, excellent yields in short reaction times, and applying the microwave methodology as an e cient and green method are some of the substantial features of this method.

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Lawsone) Derivatives

“…In a separate study, Safaei-Ghomi et al 47 presented a simple and rapid method for the preparation of benzo[ a ]pyrano[2,3- c ]phenazine 65a – n . This method also involves a one-pot, four-component reaction of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone ( 1 ), o -phenylenediamine ( 22 ), aromatic aldehydes 64a – n , and malononitrile ( 5 ) using nano-Fe 3 O 4 @chitosan as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid catalyst under reflux conditions in ethanol (Scheme 18 ).…”

“…Key features of this method include high atom-economy, excellent catalytic activity, a broad range of products, high yields in short reaction times, and low catalyst loading. 47…”