One-pot synthesis of dendritic Pt₃Ni nanoalloys as nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity and selectivity for dopamine detection

Abstract

Preparation of Pt-based nanocatalysts with high catalytic activity and exploration of their novel applications have attracted significant interest in the nanoscale field. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of dendritic PtNi nanoalloys and their applications for electrochemical nonenzymatic dopamine biosensors. As a result of their unique structure, the dendritic PtNi nanoalloys show high electrocatalytic activity towards dopamine oxidation. Amperometric dopamine biosensors based on dendritic PtNi nanoalloy microelectrode exhibit a wide linear detection ranges from 0.5 μM to 250 μM with ultrahigh sensitivity, fast response, and excellent selectivity at a potential of 0.3 V in a 0.1 M phosphate buffered solution (pH = 7.2). The limit of detection on dendritic PtNi nanoalloy microelectrodes can decrease down to 10 nM, which is the least concentration of dopamine in serum samples with a value of sensitivity up to 4.6 μA mg cm. This study shows an effective approach for the development of dendritic PtNi nanoalloys as electrocatalysts for electrochemical nonenzymatic dopamine biosensors.

Fabrication of Biocompatible, Luminescent Supramolecular Structures and Their Applications in the Detection of Dopamine

“…Superabundant excretion of DA often affects the human health and causes a lot of physical problems (e.g., Huntington’s illness), whereas deficiency of DA probably leads to various symptoms, including Parkinson’s illness and schizophrenia . Therefore, some detection methods of DA have been reported, mainly electrochemistry and fluorometry assays. − Although the electrochemistry approach has some advantages, in the meanwhile it suffers from several drawbacks. For example, it depends on the clean electrode, which is generally contaminated by proteins in the human body.…”

Gradient‐Concentration Design of Stable Core–Shell Nanostructure for Acidic Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis

“…Since it has been reported by Stamenkovic et al that the Pt-Ni(111) surface is 10 times more active for ORR than the corresponding Pt(111) surface and 90 times more active than commercial Pt/C catalysts, [15] massive research efforts have been focused on developing new generation of Pt-Ni alloy with diverse nanostructures while exhibiting high catalytic activities, such as porous nanocrystals, [16] nanoframes, [17] metal-doped octahedron, [18] icosahedron [19] and so on. [20][21][22] Nevertheless, Pt-Ni alloys as the potential commercial catalysts for PEMFCs still confront a challenge, that is unsatisfying long-term stability due to dissolution or agglomeration under alternating potentials.…”

Surface-Initiated-Reversible-Addition–Fragmentation-Chain-Transfer Polymerization for Electrochemical DNA Biosensing

“…In the early stage of disease development, the levels of diagnostically relevant biomarkers (e.g., circulating tumor DNAs, ctDNAs) are generally very low. , For this reason, methods capable of sensitively and selectively detecting biomolecules of interest are of cardinal importance in biomarker screening and early diagnosis. Among various bioanalytical methods, electrochemical biosensing not only combines the high sensitivity of electroanalytical techniques with the high selectivity of molecular-recognition processes but also offers the benefits of low cost, fast response, and good portability, − thus holding great potential in bioanalytical applications. To improve the detection sensitivity, however, most of the reported electrochemical biosensors rely on the use of either natural enzymes (e.g., alkaline phosphatase, ALP) , or complex nanomaterials (e.g., surface-functionalized metal nanoparticles, NPs) − for signal amplification, which limits their application scope because of the poor stability (e.g., temperature and pH sensitivity) and high cost of natural enzymes and the laborious and lengthy operations involved in the synthesis and postfunctionalization of nanomaterials. , Therefore, the challenge in electrochemical biosensing lies, to a large extent, in simplifying the amplification strategy without compromising the detection sensitivity and cost-effectiveness.…”