One-pot synthesis of monolithic silica-cellulose aerogel applying a sustainable sodium silicate precursor

Abstract

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Superhydrophobic tough hierarchical porous thermal insulation composites prepared by in situ formation of silica aerogel in collagen fiber matrix

“…It can be seen that among the three aerogel composites, MCFF@SiO 2 ‐1.5 has the largest specific surface area, although its average diameter of micropores and mesopores are larger than those of MCFF@SiO 2 ‐1 and MCFF@SiO 2 ‐0.5, which is mainly due to the in‐situ formation of the largest amount of silica aerogel in MCFF@SiO 2 ‐1.5, which is confirmed by the above TGA analysis. Combined with the SEM images (Figure 3b–d), it is confirmed that the silica particles covering the collagen fibers is indeed silica aerogel 30,40 . Because of the existence of silica aerogels in the three MCFF@SiO 2 , especially, the average pore diameter of nanometer scale (Table 1) is smaller than the free diameter of air (about 70 nm), their microporous and mesoporous structure hinder the heat transfer of the gas and greatly reduces the thermal conductivity 41 .…”

“…And the asymmetric stretching vibration of CH 2 appeared at 2950 cm −1 , while peaks at 1634, 1538, and 1450 cm −1 are corresponding to CO stretching vibration, NH bending vibration (amide II), and CH bending vibration, respectively 28,29 . In addition, from the FT‐IR spectrum of SiO 2 aerogel, it can be seen that the peak appeared at 2950 cm −1 is the characteristic peak of CH, and the peak around 1253 cm −1 is the stretching vibration of SiC, indicating that SiCH 3 is successfully grafted to the surface of the silica aerogel by HMDS 30,31 . The peak around 1084 cm −1 can be attributed to the stretching vibration of SiOSi bond, and the peak at 950 cm −1 can be attributed to the bending vibration of the SiOH group.…”

“…28,29 In addition, from the FT-IR spectrum of SiO 2 aerogel, it can be seen that the peak appeared at 2950 cm À1 is the characteristic peak of C H, and the peak around 1253 cm À1 is the stretching vibration of Si C, indicating that Si CH 3 is successfully grafted to the surface of the silica aerogel by HMDS. 30,31 The peak around 1084 cm À1 can be attributed to the stretching vibration of Si O Si bond, and the peak at 950 cm À1 can be attributed to the bending vibration of the Si OH group. Clearly, the above characteristic peaks of collagen fiber and silica aerogel all exist in the FT-IR spectrum of MCFF@SiO 2 , but no new peak appears.…”

“…27 Moreover, the peak intensities at 1084 and 950 cm À1 increased with the increase of TEOS content in the preparation, indicating that more SiO 2 was formed in situ in the MCFF matrix. 30 DSC curves (Figure 2b) shows that the thermal denaturation temperature of MCFF is 82.6 C, and that of MCFF@SiO 2 -0.5, MCFF@SiO 2 -1 and MCFF@SiO 2 -1.5 are 86.8, 91.2, and 100.2 C, respectively. Compared with MCFF, the thermal stability of the collagen fiber/silica aerogel composite is significantly improved, and it increases with the increase of TEOS content, which mainly due to the good intrinsic thermal stability of silica itself, and the formation of hydrogen bonds between Si OH groups in silica and NH 2 groups in collagen fibers, promoting the cross-linking between collagen fibers.…”

How Advancing are Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

“…In such a way, smaller nanoparticles can be synthesized from shorter chain alkylsilane. 21 As mentioned, other silica sources are inorganic materials, such as silicon tetrachloride, 22 , 23 olivine, 24 , 25 and sodium silicate solution. 15 , 26 , 27 Sodium silicate as an economical and available precursor can be an excellent source for the synthesis of silica-based nanoparticles.…”