One-session treatment of specific phobias in youth: A randomized clinical trial in the United States and Sweden.

Ollendick, Thomas H.; Öst, Lars‐Göran; Reuterskiöld, Lena; Costa, Natalie M.; Cederlund, Rio; Sirbu, Cristian; Davis, Thompson E.; Jarrett, Matthew A.

doi:10.1037/a0015158

Cited by 285 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…[38,39] Some differences were found as well across phobia types. One-session treatment, a form of intensive in vivo exposure, was found to be more effective in the treatment of animal phobia than the other types of phobia in children and adolescents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Specific phobia: a review of DSM-IV specific phobia and preliminary recommendations for DSM-V

et al. 2010

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The present review was conducted in order to evaluate the current diagnostic criteria for specific phobia (SP) in light of the empirical evidence gathered since DSM-IV and to propose changes to DSM-V where change is clearly and reliably indicated by the evidence. In response to questions put forth by the DSM-V Anxiety, OC Spectrum, Posttraumatic, and Dissociative Disorder Work Group, four primary areas were determined for this review: the accuracy and utility of the current SP type classification system, the validity of test anxiety as a type of SP, the boundary between agoraphobia and SP, and the reliability and utility of the diagnostic criteria for SP. Developmental issues are addressed within each area. Literature reviews examining academic findings published between 1994 and 2009 were carried out and the results are included herein. The review presents a number of options and preliminary recommendations to be considered for DSM-V. All of these recommendations should be considered tentative as they await the field trials and expert consensus necessary prior to their inclusion in the DSM-V. The present review also reveals a great need for future research in the area of SP and directions for such research is provided.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Specific phobia: a review of DSM-IV specific phobia and preliminary recommendations for DSM-V

et al. 2010

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“…Higa-McMillan et al 2015), or to expose themselves to anxiety-provoking stimuli or situations (e.g. Ollendick et al 2009;Silverman et al 1999). PFT focuses on improving parents' pedagogical skills like rules setting, consequent disciplining, or positive reinforcement (e.g.…”

Section: Traditional Cbt For Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adolescents: Can Attachment Theory Contribute to Its Efficacy?

Bosmans

2016

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

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Meta-analyses consistently demonstrate that cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) provides effective evidence-based treatment for children and adolescents with emotional and behaviour problems. Also consistent across meta-analyses is the observation that CBT treatment effects are often medium in size. This observation has instigated a search for factors that could help explain the limited treatment effects and that could be focused upon to enhance CBT treatment outcomes. The current qualitative review focuses on the parent-child attachment relationship as one factor that could be relevant to enhance CBT treatment effects. This review first acknowledges reasons why CBT has historically not been attracted to attachment theory and its postulates. Second, recent evidence is examined to evaluate whether attachment can be approached from a cognitive schema perspective. Subsequently, research is described showing how restoring attachment relationships could result in large treatment effects. Finally, this evidence is integrated in a model of attachment assessment and intervention that might be compatible with CBT. In sum, this review suggests that restoring trust in insecure parent-child attachment relationships can be integrated within CBT and could contribute to its treatment outcomes.Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is one of the most clearly conceptualized and best-studied therapeutic approaches for treating children and adolescents (e.g. Seligman and Ollendick 2011). Years of research confirm the positive effects of CBT and demonstrate significant reductions in a variety of child and adolescent emotional and behavioural problems (Hofmann et al. 2012). Part of the strength of CBT is its dynamic nature and flexibility to addressing these problems. Consequently, during the past decades, CBT with adults has broadened its treatment emphasis from focusing solely on changing behaviour, to focusing on challenging maladaptive cognitions, and, more recently, to accepting existential emotional distress (e.g. De Houwer et al. 2016). CBT for children and adolescents has roughly followed these developments and benefited from them. This is illustrated by the increasing number of meta-analyses that confirm that CBT provides an effective treatment for a plethora of child and adolescent internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems (e.g. Reynolds et al. 2012).However, meta-analyses also suggest that effect sizes often remain small to medium in size (e.g. Cuijpers et al. 2006;Kazdin 1995;Klein et al. 2007;Reynolds et al. 2012;Silverman et al. 2008;Weisz et al. 2006;Weisz et al. 2013) and that relapse rates following treatment are quite high (e.g. 30-50 % for mood disorders, Lewinsohn et al. 1990;Brent et al. 1999). This suggests that CBT for children and adolescents might benefit from a new conceptualization and expansion of treatment goals. The current literature review aims at providing arguments that one such expansion could be restoring attachment relationships. This paper will discuss the main components of tradition...

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“…Indeed, of the 488 youth, 175 (35.9 %) received all three anxiety disorders as coprimary and an additional 209 (42.8 %) received at least two of these anxiety disorders as co-primary. Examples of the former approach include several child-focused anxiety treatment studies [7][8][9][10][11][12], which have included only youth with single disorders such as GAD or SAD. These same decision making rules have been extended to basic psychopathology research where investigators have examined only children with a single primary anxiety diagnosis [13][14][15] and excluded others from study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Versus Secondary Diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Youth: Is the Distinction an Important One?

Ollendick

Jarrett

White

et al. 2015

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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Examine whether children with a primary diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) differ from children with a secondary diagnosis of GAD on clinician, parent, teacher, and youth-report measures. Based on consensus diagnoses, 64 youth referred to a general outpatient assessment clinic were categorized as having either a primary or secondary diagnosis of GAD. A semi-structured diagnostic interview was used to guide diagnostic decisions and assign primary versus secondary diagnostic status. We predicted that youth with a primary GAD diagnosis would present with greater anxiety symptomatology and symptom impairment on a variety of anxiety-related measures than youth with a secondary GAD diagnosis. Contrary to our hypotheses, no differences were found between those with primary versus secondary GAD diagnoses on measures of symptom severity and clinical impairment, comorbid diagnoses, or youth and teacher-report measures. Our findings have potential implications for the current practice of requiring primary anxiety diagnostic status as an inclusion criterion in clinical research and treatment outcome studies. Assuming our findings are confirmed in larger samples and with other anxiety disorders, future clinical trials and basic psychopathology research might not exclude youth based on absence of a particular anxiety disorder as the primary disorder but rather include individuals for whom that anxiety disorder is secondary as well.

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One-session treatment of specific phobias in youth: A randomized clinical trial in the United States and Sweden.

Cited by 285 publications

References 42 publications

Specific phobia: a review of DSM-IV specific phobia and preliminary recommendations for DSM-V

Specific phobia: a review of DSM-IV specific phobia and preliminary recommendations for DSM-V

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adolescents: Can Attachment Theory Contribute to Its Efficacy?

Primary Versus Secondary Diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Youth: Is the Distinction an Important One?

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