One-step construction of δ-MnO2 cathodes with an interconnected nanosheet structure on graphite paper for high-performance aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors

MnO2-based materials for supercapacitor electrodes: challenges, strategies and prospects

“…Due to its high specific surface area, it provided good cycling capability and high rate capacity. Xie et al 83 developed a self-supporting material which composed of interconnected δ-MnO 2 nanosheets on graphite paper (GP). It demonstrated excellent specific capacitance (446 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 ) and outstanding cyclic stability under a wide voltage window of 1.3 V. Owing to the interaction which between δ-MnO 2 and the open nanosheet structures interconnected with the GP substrates, the effective contact of the electrolyte was promoted.…”

“…For example, increasing specific surface area and exposing effective active sites, shortening ion diffusion paths and electron transport distances, and promoting charge transfer and accelerating reaction kinetics. 81–83 At present, a large number of synthetic methods on the morphology and porous structure of MnO 2 have been developed to enhance its electrochemical behavior. Most studies are limited to the same dimension, and they lack systematic studies on the formation of MnO 2 porous structure in multi-dimensional space.…”

Fe2O3/Porous Carbon Composite Derived from Oily Sludge Waste as an Advanced Anode Material for Supercapacitor Application

“…However, the development is uneven between the cathode and anode. Numerous research efforts have been devoted to high-performance cathode materials [ 11 , 12 ]; there are only a few reports of novel anode materials.…”

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–Polystyrenesulfonate-Added Layered Vanadium Oxide Cathode for High-Performance Zinc-Ion Batteries

“…Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been vigorously developed and widely used over the decades. , Despite their extraordinary energy density, LIBs still face many impediments such as the limited and uneven distributed lithium resource, as well as the safety issues due to the flammable organic electrolytes. , Therefore, the research on alternatives including supercapacitors and aqueous rechargeable batteries based on a variety of alkali ions and multivalent metal ions (e.g., Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Al 3+ ) has become a hot topic. − Among these schemes, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to LIBs because of the high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g –1 ), low cost, high safety, low redox potential of the Zn electrode (−0.76 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode), and environmental benignity …”