One-step fabrication and characterization of reinforced microcomposite membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Waterproof-breathable PTFE nano- and Microfiber Membrane as High Efficiency PM2.5 Filter

“…However, the filter will only inherit the character of PTFE. In recent years, nanocomposite-based polymer blends for membranes have become increasingly important in various fields, such as PBI/PIM blends [38], PVDF-HFP/PVDF blends [39], PBI/PDA blends [40], PEI/PVA blends [41] and PSf/sPAEs blends [42] exhibited good performance. So compositing PTFE with other materials still needs further investigation.…”

Fuel cell performance improvement via the steric effect of a hydrocarbon-based binder for cathode in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

“…BP-SPES (with biphenyl groups) and FL-SPES (with fluorenyl groups) were synthesized by polycondensation with 4,4’-dihydroxylbiphenyl (DHBP) and 9.9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl fluorene)(HPFL), respectively, as reported previously 4 . To decouple the effect of the structural difference and intrinsic properties such as the IEC of the ionomers, BP-SPES and FL-SPES were synthesized with similar IECs and grouped.…”

“…However, PFSAs exhibit significant drawbacks, such as insufficient thermomechanical stability, high cost, environmental hazards, and restricted operation temperature windows. Therefore, many studies have been conducted on the development of hydrocarbon-based materials as alternatives to PFSAs 4 .…”

On the evolution of sulfonated polyphenylenes as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells

“…The need to reinforce is clearly understood, as demonstrated by commercially available reinforced PFSA materials such as Nafion TM and Aquivion®. In hydrocarbon PEMs, which are prone to excessive swelling, reinforcement appears essential, 223 and has been shown to dramatically improve in-situ mechanical durability, particularly in response to wet/dry cycling, which increases in-situ fuel cell lifetimes. 224 MEAs prepared from such reinforced hydrocarbon membranes can be operated at larger reactant gas backpressures, yielding higher fuel cell performance as well.…”

“…224 MEAs prepared from such reinforced hydrocarbon membranes can be operated at larger reactant gas backpressures, yielding higher fuel cell performance as well. 225 Several approaches to reinforced sulfonated hydrocarbon polymers have been reported, including the incorporation of PET composite fibers and glass fibre, 224 polysulfone fibres, 223 and mats. 225 The mechanical reinforcement of sulfonated polyphenylenes, therefore, is expected to be similarly beneficial, and a key objective in the evolution of hydrocarbon-based PEMs.…”